Question

discuss five methods of food preservation by explaining itha all methods
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Answer 1

Answer:

Food preservation, any of a number of methods by which food is kept from spoilage after harvest or slaughter. Such practices date to prehistoric times. Among the oldest methods of preservation are drying, refrigeration, and fermentation. Modern methods include canning, pasteurization, freezing, irradiation, and the addition of chemicals. Advances in packaging materials have played an important role in modern food preservation.

Food preservation

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RELATED TOPICS

Canning

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Preservative

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Spoilage Mechanisms

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Food spoilage may be defined as any change that renders food unfit for human consumption. These changes may be caused by various factors, including contamination by microorganisms, infestation by insects, or degradation by endogenous enzymes (those present naturally in the food). In addition, physical and chemical changes, such as the tearing of plant or animal tissues or the oxidation of certain constituents of food, may promote food spoilage. Foods obtained from plant or animal sources begin to spoil soon after harvest or slaughter. The enzymes contained in the cells of plant and animal tissues may be released as a result of any mechanical damage inflicted during postharvest handling. These enzymes begin to break down the cellular material. The chemical reactions catalyzed by the enzymes result in the degradation of food quality, such as the development of off-flavours, the deterioration of texture, and the loss of nutrients. The typical microorganisms that cause food spoilage are bacteria (e.g., Lactobacillus), yeasts (e.g., Saccharomyces), and molds (e.g., Rhizopus).

Microbial contamination

Bacteria and fungi (yeasts and molds) are the principal types of microorganisms that cause food spoilage and food-borne illnesses. Foods may be contaminated by microorganisms at any time during harvest, storage, processing, distribution, handling, or preparation. The primary sources of microbial contamination are soil, air, animal feed, animal hides and intestines, plant surfaces, sewage, and food processing machinery or utensils.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

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➟ The five methods of food preservation are :-

➊ Heating :- Heating food to a high temperature kills microbes.

➋ Pasteurization of milk :- Pasteurization of milk consist of heating it to a high temperature of 70° C about half a minute and then cooling it quickly.This kills most of the bacteria without affecting the flavour.

➌ Cooling :- Cooling food stops microbes from growing and reproducing and hence preserve food.

➍ Chemical preservation :- In chemical preservation, salt,sugar,oil,vinegar checks the growth of bacteria.

➎ Drying or dehydration :- Drying or dehydration of food consists of removing water from it.This stops microorganism from growing as we know that they cannot grow without water.