discuss how a lack of infracture in poor communities could contribute to illness such as covid 19
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COVID-19 IS SPREADING quickly in the global south, posing particular problems in rapidly growing cities. Brazil now reports more than 460,000 cases, second only to the US. In Rio de Janeiro, the Maracanã stadium has been turned into a makeshift hospital, but beds, intensive care units, and protective equipment for staff are lacking. In Manaus, a city of 2 million in the Amazon, funeral homes and cemeteries have been overwhelmed by the number of bodies to bury. The number of Covid-19 deaths in Brazil are likely much higher than the official death toll of nearly 28,000, as the country performs fewer tests per capita than the US or Europe.
Hot spots are emerging across Africa. Doctors and public health experts have been warning about an unchecked outbreak in Kano, Nigeria’s second-largest city, which could spread elsewhere in West Africa. Cases have risen sharply since Ghana’s government eased lockdown restrictions in the capital, Accra, and in Kumasi.
Similar scenarios are unfolding across Latin America and South Asia with varying degrees of intensity and some exceptions, like Vietnam, which hasn’t recorded any deaths from the virus. Those regions also will suffer the economic fallout from the pandemic. According to the UN, Covid-19 could reverse a decade of efforts to reduce global poverty.
The health systems in these countries already were overstretched and underfunded, making pandemic response more difficult. “Most forms of disasters, including pandemics and to a smaller scale infectious disease outbreaks, do well to illustrate existing inequalities within our society,” says Matthew Boyce, a senior research associate at Georgetown University’s Center for Global Health Science and Security. “It's going to quickly show who are the haves and the have-nots.”
Cities are a focal point, because they are home to much of the population growth in low- and middle-income countries in Africa and Asia and often lack infrastructure to promote good health. By 2030, 2 billion people could live in slums, with poor access to basic sanitation, proper housing, and healthy food, according to the UN.
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