Question

Discuss in brief account Avian flu​

Answer 1

Explanation:

Avian influenza is a disease caused by a virus which has multiple strains or types, some of which are more dangerous than others. Influenza is divided into three types: A, B and C. Type A influenza includes most human and all avian influenza viruses.

Avian influenza viruses can be divided into highly pathogenic (HPAI) and low pathogenic (LPAI) strains based on its ability to cause disease in poultry. Low pathogenic avian influenza is a natural infection of waterfowl that may cause minimal to no signs of disease in domestic poultry and wild birds and is not a serious threat. Highly pathogenic avian influenza is rarely found in waterfowl, but causes severe disease in domestic poultry with a high death rate.

Influenza viruses are divided into subtypes based on the two proteins, haemaglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N), that they have on their surfaces. There are 16 recognized H types, and 9 N types, and these are known to occur in a number of different combinations - the combination that is the cause for current concern is H5N1. Only two types of avian influenza viruses, H5 and H7, are known to include highly pathogenic viruses. Not all H5 and H7 influenza viruses are highly pathogenic, but H5N1 is. This form may cause disease in chickens and some other species of birds that affects multiple internal organs and has a mortality rate that can reach 90-100 percent, often within 48 hours.

The H5N1 virus is the strain of avian influenza that has infected numerous species of birds in Asia, Europe and Africa since the end of 2003. It has not been found in birds in North or South America, including the Caribbean

Answer 2

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Avian flu or Bird flu is an infectious viral disease of birds (especially wild waterfowl such as ducks and geese).

It was first recorded in Italy in 1878.

In 1955, it was discovered that virus causing Avian flu was an Influenza virus.

Bird flu is similar to swine flu, dog flu, horse flu and human flu as an illness caused by strains of influenza viruses that have adapted to a specific host.

The causative organism of avian flu disease is the H5N1 virus.

Birds infected with H5N1 virus continue to release the virus in feces and saliva for as long as 10 days.

It can be spread through touching contaminated surfaces.

Symptoms of Avian flu include high temperature, sore throat, headache, tiredness, limb or joint pain, diarrhoea or stomach upset, sneezing, loss of appetite, acute respiratory distress, insomnia, malaise, muscle aches.

This disease is transmitted to humans through contact with infected birds feces, saliva, nasal secretions or secretions from mouth or eyes.

Treatment includes antiviral medications such as Oseltamivir and Zanamivir.

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