discuss in brief the hydrides of Nitrogen
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Nitrogen Hydrides
NH3, N2H4, N2H2
NH3 only thermally stable hydride.
Prepared industrially by the Haber process (500 oC, high pressure),
naturally by nitrogen fixation.
Uses of Ammonia
4NH3 + 5O2 4NO + 4H2O (Huge scale)
NH3 + NaOCl NH2Cl + NaOH
Chloramine
NH3 + NH2Cl N2H4 + NaCl + H2O (Raschig process)
Side reaction
2NH2Cl + N2H4 N2 + NH4Cl
catalysed by traces (ppm) of metal ions, add gelatin.
Structure
Acid/Base properties
NH3 basic N2H4, weakly basic
NH4+ N2H5+, N2H62+
Redox properties
Both NH3 and N2H4 mild reducing agent (ox states -3 and -2).
Reactions complex in aq solution
NH3, N2H4, N2H2
NH3 only thermally stable hydride.
Prepared industrially by the Haber process (500 oC, high pressure),
naturally by nitrogen fixation.
Uses of Ammonia
4NH3 + 5O2 4NO + 4H2O (Huge scale)
NH3 + NaOCl NH2Cl + NaOH
Chloramine
NH3 + NH2Cl N2H4 + NaCl + H2O (Raschig process)
Side reaction
2NH2Cl + N2H4 N2 + NH4Cl
catalysed by traces (ppm) of metal ions, add gelatin.
Structure
Acid/Base properties
NH3 basic N2H4, weakly basic
NH4+ N2H5+, N2H62+
Redox properties
Both NH3 and N2H4 mild reducing agent (ox states -3 and -2).
Reactions complex in aq solution
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Ammonia is an important nitrogen hydride that is possible due to the synthesis of nitrogen and water which is called the Haber-Bosch process. The chemical equation for this reaction is:
N 2(g) +3H 2(g) ⇌2NH 3(g)
N2(g)+3H2(g)⇌2NH3(g)
To yield ammonia, there needs to be a catalyst to speed up the reaction, a high temperature and a high pressure. Ammonia is a reagent used in many chemistry experiments and is used as fertilizer. Ammonia can react with sulphuric acid to produce ammonium sulphate,which is also an important fertilizer. In this reaction, ammonia acts as a base since it receives electrons while sulfuric acid gives off electrons.
2NH 3(aq) +H 2 SO 4(aq) →(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4(aq)
2NH3(aq)+H2SO4(aq)→(NH4)2SO4(aq)
Other hydrides of nitrogen include ammonium chloride, hydrazine and hydroxylamine.
N 2(g) +3H 2(g) ⇌2NH 3(g)
N2(g)+3H2(g)⇌2NH3(g)
To yield ammonia, there needs to be a catalyst to speed up the reaction, a high temperature and a high pressure. Ammonia is a reagent used in many chemistry experiments and is used as fertilizer. Ammonia can react with sulphuric acid to produce ammonium sulphate,which is also an important fertilizer. In this reaction, ammonia acts as a base since it receives electrons while sulfuric acid gives off electrons.
2NH 3(aq) +H 2 SO 4(aq) →(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4(aq)
2NH3(aq)+H2SO4(aq)→(NH4)2SO4(aq)
Other hydrides of nitrogen include ammonium chloride, hydrazine and hydroxylamine.
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