Discuss in detail the nature of administration under the tughlaqs.how was it different from that of the alauddin khalji?
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Mohammad-bin Tughlaq was a ruler of the Tughlaq dynasty between 1325-51. He introduced many reforms but since they were before time and thus failed. Below are some of the important reforms Tughlaq introduced:
Taxataion of the Doab: To maintain a very large army and an extravagant court, Tughlaq doubled the revenue from the Doab region between the Ganga and Yamuna. Unfortunately, this region was struck by a massive drought at that time and the harsh revenue caused harassement to the cultivators. The heavy taxation forced farmers to rebel or forego cultivation. Thus, agriculture suffered heavily due to this reform.
Change of Capital: Tughlaq decided to change his capital from Delhi to Daulatabad for two reasons: to keep the capital safe from Mongol attack and also for better administatrion of the far flung southern territories. Although this decision made sense but what made it unreasonable was the fact that Tughlaq insisted that the entire court and the city of Delhi be moved to Daulatabad. A lot of people died and there was a lot of hardships that the people suffered during the change of capital. What made it worse that he went back on the decision and forced the people to tread back the entire 1500 kms back to Delhi by changing the capital back to Delhi.
Token currency: Tughlaq introduced token currency of copper and bronze and made them equal in value to gold and silver money. This caused many counterfeit coins in the market and thus, the reform failed.
Expeditions:: Tughlaq launched some ambitious invasions against rulers of Central Asia and Khorasan that failed miserably and only added more burden on the economy. The bad economy caused rebellion among the ulemas, people and the nobles.
Due to these failed reforms and plans, he was considered to be wise yet foolish ruler who ruled ahead of time.
Taxataion of the Doab: To maintain a very large army and an extravagant court, Tughlaq doubled the revenue from the Doab region between the Ganga and Yamuna. Unfortunately, this region was struck by a massive drought at that time and the harsh revenue caused harassement to the cultivators. The heavy taxation forced farmers to rebel or forego cultivation. Thus, agriculture suffered heavily due to this reform.
Change of Capital: Tughlaq decided to change his capital from Delhi to Daulatabad for two reasons: to keep the capital safe from Mongol attack and also for better administatrion of the far flung southern territories. Although this decision made sense but what made it unreasonable was the fact that Tughlaq insisted that the entire court and the city of Delhi be moved to Daulatabad. A lot of people died and there was a lot of hardships that the people suffered during the change of capital. What made it worse that he went back on the decision and forced the people to tread back the entire 1500 kms back to Delhi by changing the capital back to Delhi.
Token currency: Tughlaq introduced token currency of copper and bronze and made them equal in value to gold and silver money. This caused many counterfeit coins in the market and thus, the reform failed.
Expeditions:: Tughlaq launched some ambitious invasions against rulers of Central Asia and Khorasan that failed miserably and only added more burden on the economy. The bad economy caused rebellion among the ulemas, people and the nobles.
Due to these failed reforms and plans, he was considered to be wise yet foolish ruler who ruled ahead of time.
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