Question

Discuss Socio-economic basis of Maurya state? Important points

Answer 1

Economic state of the Maurya Empire :

• Agriculture - Irrigation facilities were provided by the state for the advantage of cultivators.
• Taxation - The taxes were collected from artisans, traders and peasants. The taxes were collected in kind as well as cash.
• Currency - The punch marked silver coins carrying symbols of the hill, crescent and the peacock was the imperial currency of Mauryan Empire.
• Transport - There were  roads which connected strategic locations within the empire. This facilitated transport. The rivers were also used as routes of communication.

Social state of the Maurya Empire :

• There existed seven castes in India which included Philosophers, Soldiers, Brahmanas, Craftsmen, Herdsmen, Farmers, Magistrates.
• The urban way of life developed and the craftsmen enjoyed a high place in the society.  
• Teaching continued to be the main job of the Brahmans.
• Buddhist monasteries were developed as important educational institutions. Taxila, Ujjayini, and Varanasi were famous educational centers.
• The joint family system was the norm in the domestic life.
• Technical education was generally provided through guilds, where pupils learnt the crafts from the early age.

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