discuss the agrarian reforms in post independance india
Answers
At the time of independence ownership of land was concentrated in the hands of a few. This led to the exploitation of the farmers and was a major hindrance towards the socio-economic development of the rural population. Equal distribution of land was therefore an area of focus of Independent India's government. Laws for land ceiling were enacted in various states during 50s & 60s which were modified on the directives of central government in 1972.
Under the 1949 Indian constitution, states were granted the powers to enact (and implement) land reforms. This autonomy ensures that there has been significant variation across states and time in terms of the number and types of land reforms that have been enacted.
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Answer:
Post Independance India agrarian reforms are-
1)Institutional Reforms: To increase production in agriculture, the government has introduced some institutional measures which include collectivisation, consolidation of holding corporation and abolition of Zamindari system.
2)Comprehensive Land Development Programme: In the 1980s and 1990s, a comprehensive Land Development programme was initiated, which included both institutional and Technical reforms. Provision for Crop Insurance against drought, flood, cyclone, fire and disease, establishment of Grameen bank cooperative societies and banks for providing loan facilities to the farmers at low rates of interest wear some important steps in this direction.
3)Subsidies: The government is providing huge subsidies on the agricultural inputs. At present maximum subsidy is being given on fertilizers.
4)HYV Seeds and Agriculture Universities: In order to enhance production, the government is providing HYV seeds to the farmers. Special seminars are also being held. Many new agricultural universities have been established.