Discuss the change introduced by J C White in the revenue system of Sikkim during his tenure as political Officer.
Answers
JC White had a great influence in Sikkim. In his popular blog, Rajen Upadhaya, History Lecturer, Namchi Govt. College writes “With the appointment of J C White as the Political Officer in 1889, Sikkim witnessed his self styled Zamindari System. A number of Lessee Landlords were created throughout Sikkim with untold powers to mortgage or to confiscate the lands of the innocent peasants. Further, with the help of his Sikkimese protégés Claude White board upon a policy of obliterating the ancient economy of Sikkim. This paved a way for the birth of Kaziism, Thikadari system, and all the other forced labours like Kuruwa, Kalobhari, Jharlangi, Theki-Bethi, Ghar-Lauri etc”.
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Answer:
in 1911 the Political Officer at Sikkim was empowered by the
Bengal Government to sanction estimates for ordinary repairs within the limits
of budget allotments. It may be recalled that the first British Political Officer
(J.C White) hailed from the engineering services (Public Works Department,
Bengal) and therefore his knowledge in public works contributed significantly
to the development of Gangtok within a short span of time.
To assist the Political Officer in his administrative work the Bengal
Government appointed under him a group of staff Important officers who
assisted the Political Officer in administration were C.W Dover, Mr. Hodges
and Mr.Nimshering. Dover was entrusted with various municipal functions at
Gangtok. Mr. Hodges was appointed as the office superintendent and
Nimshering, a native of Sikkim worked as an interpreter for the Political
Officer.
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