Discuss the changes introduced by Sher Shah Suri in revenue administration.
Answers
Answer:
Sher Shah Suri was benevolent ruler and was one of the greatest administrators of medieval India. He introduced many reforms and on that basis Akbar built a superstructure of Mughal administration. His administration has been centralised administration just like sultanate period. He was the first Muslim ruler of India who displayed a real aptitude for civil government. Here, we are giving the summary of the administration of Sher Shah Suri, which can be used as revision capsule by the aspirants of different competitive exams.
Administration of Sher Shah Suri
1. He divided his whole empire into 47 divisions called ‘Sarkars’ and these were again subdivided into smaller administrative units called ‘Parganas’.
Central Department
2. He established four main central departments: Diwan-i-wijarat (Finance Department); Diwan-i-arz (Military Department); Diwan-i-insha (Royal Secretariat); and Diwan-i-Rasalat (Department for religious and foreign affairs).
4. Ariz-i-mamalik headed the department named -Diwan-i-arz
5. Dabir headed the department named -Diwan-i-insha.
6. Qazi headed the department named - Diwani-Kaza.
Answer:
Sher Shah's administration Sher Shah put in place a sound system of administration. In fact, the later Mughal administration was based on this system. He gave importance to two factors the well-being of his subjects and personal supervision of administration. He restored peace in the country. He treated all his subjects equally, irrespective of their religious beliefs.
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Sher Shah directly controlled the administration and went on frequent tours of inspection. He was assisted by a council of ministers, who advised him on all important matters. The most important ministers were those in charge of finance, army, charity and justice.
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Sher Shah divided provinces into sarkars (districts). These were placed under three main officers-the officer in charge of finance, law and order, and army; the officer who collected taxes; and the qazi, or the chief judge. The sarkars were divided into parganas, which were further divided into villages. These villages were under officers who were held responsible for any crime or default in payment of taxes. These village officials also took care of the safety of the roads. An efficient spy system also helped curb crime.