discuss the concept of role and status.in what says are they linked with each other?
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Status and Role
In all of the many social groups that we as individuals belong to, we have a status and a role to fulfill. Status is our relative social position within a group, while a role is the part our society expects us to play in a given status. For example, a man may have the status of father in his family. Because of this status, he is expected to fulfill a role for his children that in most societies requires him to nurture, educate, guide, and protect them. Of course, mothers usually have complementary roles.
Social group membership gives us a set of statuses and role tags that allow people to know what to expect from each other--they make us more predictable. However, it is common for people to have multiple overlapping statuses and roles. This potentially makes social encounters more complex. A woman who is a mother for some children may be an aunt or grandmother for others. At the same time, she may be a wife for one or more men, and she very likely is a daughter and granddaughter of several other people. For each of these various kinship statuses, she is expected to play a somewhat different role and to be able to switch between them instantaneously. For instance, if she is having a conversation with her mother and young daughter, she is likely to politely defer to the former but will be knowledgeable and "in-control" with the other. These role related behaviors change as rapidly as she turns her head to face one or the other. However, her unique personal relationships might lead her to think and act differently than what would be culturally expected. In other words, social group membership gives us a set of role tags that allow people to know what to expect from each other, but they are not always straight jackets for behavior.
In all of the many social groups that we as individuals belong to, we have a status and a role to fulfill. Status is our relative social position within a group, while a role is the part our society expects us to play in a given status. For example, a man may have the status of father in his family. Because of this status, he is expected to fulfill a role for his children that in most societies requires him to nurture, educate, guide, and protect them. Of course, mothers usually have complementary roles.
Social group membership gives us a set of statuses and role tags that allow people to know what to expect from each other--they make us more predictable. However, it is common for people to have multiple overlapping statuses and roles. This potentially makes social encounters more complex. A woman who is a mother for some children may be an aunt or grandmother for others. At the same time, she may be a wife for one or more men, and she very likely is a daughter and granddaughter of several other people. For each of these various kinship statuses, she is expected to play a somewhat different role and to be able to switch between them instantaneously. For instance, if she is having a conversation with her mother and young daughter, she is likely to politely defer to the former but will be knowledgeable and "in-control" with the other. These role related behaviors change as rapidly as she turns her head to face one or the other. However, her unique personal relationships might lead her to think and act differently than what would be culturally expected. In other words, social group membership gives us a set of role tags that allow people to know what to expect from each other, but they are not always straight jackets for behavior.
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An initial definition of a role is that it represents the way that someone is expected to behave in a particular social situation.Roles, therefore, are the parts we play in our relationships with others and this idea is similar to that of an actor playing a part in a play.Every group defines the expected behaviour for every member.Being a member of a group means having certain privileges as well as owing certain obligations.Role refers to the obligations which an individual has towards his group.Ralph Linton developed the concept of role initially.Status is the position while role is the manner in which position is supposed to be filled in.Thus role is the functional aspect of a status.
Role as a dynamic Aspect of status:-A role is the dynamic or the behavioural aspect of status.Status is occupied, but role is played.We may say that a status is an institutionalized role.It is a role that has become regularised, standardised and formalized in the society at large or in any of the specific association of society.
Ralph Linton has referred to role as dynamic aspect of status; a role is the totality of all the cultural patterns associated with particular status.Any given role within a group tends to vary according to the individual who occupies the status, as well as the general membership composition of the group.But if the performance of a role deviates very much from the expected range of behaviour, the individual will negatively sanctioned.
Each individual has many status positions within a society and therefore he performs a variety of roles.Since the unity of self requires a degree of value and behavioural integration and frequently even a hierarchy of role priorities (according to which is most central self), the particular combination of statuses a person has tends to influence the way he performs various roles.His performance will never exactly correspond with the expectations of others, nor will meet all the expectation he may have of himself.
Refinement of the concept of role:-Recent accounts of role have produced several refinements.Every role has a limited area of operation and the role has to be confined within that.For example, an officer has a role to play in the office but when he reaches his family, that role ceases.If the officer continues to perform that role in his family also, he shall not be able to carry on his work outside the limited field.
Role as a dynamic Aspect of status:-A role is the dynamic or the behavioural aspect of status.Status is occupied, but role is played.We may say that a status is an institutionalized role.It is a role that has become regularised, standardised and formalized in the society at large or in any of the specific association of society.
Ralph Linton has referred to role as dynamic aspect of status; a role is the totality of all the cultural patterns associated with particular status.Any given role within a group tends to vary according to the individual who occupies the status, as well as the general membership composition of the group.But if the performance of a role deviates very much from the expected range of behaviour, the individual will negatively sanctioned.
Each individual has many status positions within a society and therefore he performs a variety of roles.Since the unity of self requires a degree of value and behavioural integration and frequently even a hierarchy of role priorities (according to which is most central self), the particular combination of statuses a person has tends to influence the way he performs various roles.His performance will never exactly correspond with the expectations of others, nor will meet all the expectation he may have of himself.
Refinement of the concept of role:-Recent accounts of role have produced several refinements.Every role has a limited area of operation and the role has to be confined within that.For example, an officer has a role to play in the office but when he reaches his family, that role ceases.If the officer continues to perform that role in his family also, he shall not be able to carry on his work outside the limited field.
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