discuss the consanguineal and offinal forms of kinship with suitable examples in 250 words
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Kinship is universal and in most societies plays a significant role in the socialization of individuals and the maintenance of group solidarity.It is very important in primary societies and extends its influence on almost all their activities.Kinship is the relation by the bond of blood,marriage and includes kindered ones.It represents one of the basic social institutions.A.R.Radcliffe Brown defines kinship as a system of dynamic relations between person and person in a community, the behaviour of any two persons in any relations being regulated in some way and to a greater or less extent by social usage.
Relation by the bond of blood is called consanguineal kinship such as parents and their children and between children of same parents.Thus son,daughter,brother,sister,paternal uncle etc are consanguineal kin.Each of these is related through blood.Kinship due to marriage is affinal kinship.New relations are created when marriage takes place.Not only man establishes relationship with the girl and the members of her but also family members of both the man and the woman get bound among themselves.Kinship includes Agnates (sapindas,sagotras): cognates (from mother's side) and bandhus (atamabandhus,pitrubandhus,matrubandhus).
Significance of kinship
Kinship is a major factor regulating behaviour between individuals and affecting the formation of social,political and territorial groups.The analysis of decent groups is a special aspect of the study of kinship.Desent signifies group membership of a special kind handed down from generation to generation.It is the principle whereby one is affiliated with the either of his parents group.Everyone has two parents, four grand-parents, eight great-grand parents and so on.The number of person's ancestor is incalculable and all the descendents of each of these ancestors are potentially kin to her.But most societies put some limitations on the recognition of kinship.
One method of limiting the recognition of kinship is to emphasize the relationship through one parent.Such unilineal kinship system as they are called, are of two main types- agnatic or patrilineal system,in which relationships through the father are emphasized and matrilineal systems,in which maternal relationships are emphasized.Under patrikin a person is linked to his patrikin i.e. his sons and daughters, his son's children, his son's son's children and so on.The people who are linked to him are thereby linked to each other and may form a group persisting through the generations,possessing its own internal organization and specific interests.An enduring group of this kind is called a patrilineal lineage or patrilineage. Each lineage is a segmented group,dividing into major segments each of which is divide into lesser and so on.These groups are kept in being by the common interest of their members in rights to land and in control of marriage of members of the group, by obligations of mutual assistance or by adherence to an ancestor cult.
Relation by the bond of blood is called consanguineal kinship such as parents and their children and between children of same parents.Thus son,daughter,brother,sister,paternal uncle etc are consanguineal kin.Each of these is related through blood.Kinship due to marriage is affinal kinship.New relations are created when marriage takes place.Not only man establishes relationship with the girl and the members of her but also family members of both the man and the woman get bound among themselves.Kinship includes Agnates (sapindas,sagotras): cognates (from mother's side) and bandhus (atamabandhus,pitrubandhus,matrubandhus).
Significance of kinship
Kinship is a major factor regulating behaviour between individuals and affecting the formation of social,political and territorial groups.The analysis of decent groups is a special aspect of the study of kinship.Desent signifies group membership of a special kind handed down from generation to generation.It is the principle whereby one is affiliated with the either of his parents group.Everyone has two parents, four grand-parents, eight great-grand parents and so on.The number of person's ancestor is incalculable and all the descendents of each of these ancestors are potentially kin to her.But most societies put some limitations on the recognition of kinship.
One method of limiting the recognition of kinship is to emphasize the relationship through one parent.Such unilineal kinship system as they are called, are of two main types- agnatic or patrilineal system,in which relationships through the father are emphasized and matrilineal systems,in which maternal relationships are emphasized.Under patrikin a person is linked to his patrikin i.e. his sons and daughters, his son's children, his son's son's children and so on.The people who are linked to him are thereby linked to each other and may form a group persisting through the generations,possessing its own internal organization and specific interests.An enduring group of this kind is called a patrilineal lineage or patrilineage. Each lineage is a segmented group,dividing into major segments each of which is divide into lesser and so on.These groups are kept in being by the common interest of their members in rights to land and in control of marriage of members of the group, by obligations of mutual assistance or by adherence to an ancestor cult.
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