Discuss the decline of the Harappan cities.
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What led to the decline of the Harappan civilisation?
The Harappan civilization or Indus valley civilization is fascinating and it is the first urban centre to flourish on the bank of the Indus River.
The actual reason for the decline of the Harappan civilization is still a mystery, archaeologist have proposed a number of theories regarding the decline of the civilization. Every conclusion regarding the decline is based upon speculations of the historians. Though the reason is not known, it is clear that the fall of the Harappan civilization happened between 1700 BC - 1800 BC
Some historians believe that the Aryan Invasion is the root cause of the decline of Harappan civilization. Human remains have been excavated and it points towards some violent cause of their death.
Many historians do not believe in the Aryan Invasion theory. They believe the main cause of the sudden decline is climate change.
Huge climate change or natural calamities might have been a cause of the ruin of Harappan civilization. It has been found that some climate change happened around 2000 BC. These changes in climate led to floods in plains and cities.
There is evidence to support this theory as well, it appears that the cities were abandoned and then rebuild but the only difference is at the time of rebuilding, they did not give much attention to the construction.
And then there was a fall in rainfall which led to decline of agriculture and people shift to other places.
Some also believe that the change in the course of the river also played a role in the decline of the civilization.
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