Question

discuss the demerit and merit of protoplant production​

Answer 1

Isolated plant protoplasts can be described as naked plant cells. Protoplasts are plant cells where the cell wall has been removed either by a mechanical or enzymic method. The original way of preparing protoplasts was by plasmolysis of the tissue followed by mechanical abrasion. The cell wall would then allow release of the plasmolysed protoplast. The mechanical method of protoplast isolation has the disadvantages that it is very tedious and time consuming and more importantly only very small numbers of protoplasts can be isolated. One of the advantages, however, of mechanical isolation is that there are no enzyme or enzyme impurities present to attack and weaken the plasma membrane of the isolated protoplast. In the 1960s techniques were developed for the isolation of protoplasts from leaf tissue using the enzymes cellulase and pectinase: these enzymic techniques offer a quick and efficient method for the isolation of very large numbers of protoplasts.

  ===>  advantages or merits

• The new plantlets can be grown in a short amount of time.
• Only a small amount of initial plant tissue is required.
• The new plantlets and plants are more likely to be free of viruses and diseases.
• The process is not dependant on the seasons and can be done throughout the year.
• You need only a relatively small space to perform the process (ten times the plants in one-tenth of the space).
• On a larger scale, the tissue culture process helps to supply the consumer market with new subspecies and variety.
• People looking to cultivate challenging plants such as specific breeds of orchid find more success with the tissue culture process than traditional soil.

 ====>disadvantages or dismerits.............

• Tissue Culture can require more labor and cost more money.
• There is a chance that the propagated plants will be less resilient to diseases due to the type of environment they are grown in.
• It is imperative that, before being cultured, the material is screened; failure to pick up any abnormalities could lead to the new plants being infected.
• While the success rate is high if the correct procedures are followed, success with the tissue culture is not a guarantee. There is still a chance that the process triggers a secondary metabolic chemical reaction, and the new explants or cells' growth gets stunted, or even die off.