Discuss the different aspects of the non cooperation movement
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Around the same time, the Indian Muslims were aroused because the Sultan of Turkey was deposed by the British. The Indian Muslims regarded the Turkish Sultan as their Khalifa and they started the Khilafat movement for the restoration of Khalifa in Turkey. Mohammed Ali and Shaukat Ali were the leaders of the movement. They called upon Gandhi to guide them. Although Wat movement was not directly concerned with Indian politics, Gandhi thought that in this there was an opportunity to unite the Hindu and Muslims against the British. He, therefore, openly supported the movement.
Gandhi had decided to simultaneously launch the non-cooperation movement at an all-India level. In September 1920, in a special session of the All India Congress Committee held in Calcutta, it was decided to launch the movement. The Nagpur – Congress held in December 1920 further approved it. The Indian people were asked to boycott foreign goods and adopt Swadeshi, to boycott government school;, colleges and courts and councils, to adopt national schools, arbitration courts and Khadi. The programme also included resignation from government services, non-payment of taxes, removal of untouchabiility and promotion of Hindu-Muslim unity.
The movement started at an unprecedented level. Thousands of students left schools and colleges, hundreds of lawyers and many government servants left their jobs, most of the people refused to vote in the elections to the legislatures, the boycott of foreign cloth assumed massive proportions, thousands were involved in the picketing of the shops selling foreign cloth and liquor and in many places, peasants and workers were also involved along with students, middle classes and women. Its influence was even more far-reaching. Millions of peasants and urban poor became familiar with the ideology of nationalism. Most sections of the Indian population became politicised and women were drawn to the movement. An antiimperialist feeling spread to wide areas of the country and the movement imbued the Indian people with self-confidence and self-esteem.
Gandhi had decided to simultaneously launch the non-cooperation movement at an all-India level. In September 1920, in a special session of the All India Congress Committee held in Calcutta, it was decided to launch the movement. The Nagpur – Congress held in December 1920 further approved it. The Indian people were asked to boycott foreign goods and adopt Swadeshi, to boycott government school;, colleges and courts and councils, to adopt national schools, arbitration courts and Khadi. The programme also included resignation from government services, non-payment of taxes, removal of untouchabiility and promotion of Hindu-Muslim unity.
The movement started at an unprecedented level. Thousands of students left schools and colleges, hundreds of lawyers and many government servants left their jobs, most of the people refused to vote in the elections to the legislatures, the boycott of foreign cloth assumed massive proportions, thousands were involved in the picketing of the shops selling foreign cloth and liquor and in many places, peasants and workers were also involved along with students, middle classes and women. Its influence was even more far-reaching. Millions of peasants and urban poor became familiar with the ideology of nationalism. Most sections of the Indian population became politicised and women were drawn to the movement. An antiimperialist feeling spread to wide areas of the country and the movement imbued the Indian people with self-confidence and self-esteem.
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- Yield of titles and honors.
- Boycott of institutions under the British government like government school, colleges, offices etc.
- Boycott of foreign goods. Handmade khadi cloth and weaving were encouraged.
- Introduction of secularism and termination to untouchability.
- Panchayat was established to settle local disputes.
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