Discuss the extraction of iron from hematite as per the following steps: (i) Concentration of ore (ii) Reduction of oxide to metal (along with chemical equation) (iii) Diagram of blast furnace.
Answers
Answer:
Extraction of iron is based on the reduction of HAEMATITE (Fe2O3) with carbon.. ... Concentration of ore: In this metallurgical operation, the ore is concentrated ...
Reduction of oxide into metal (Smelting): Roasted ore is mixed with coke (6) me stone (CaCO) and smelted in a blast furnace. As the charge goes down, it has to through different temperatures. Initially the temperature is 200°C and in the end it mes 1600°C. The chemical reactions taking place in the blast furnace are as follows: (0 Zone of reduction: Temperature of this zone ranges from 400°C to 900°C. Re-
as occurring in this zone are as follows:
2C + O2 --- 2CO2
CO+2Fe203---2Fe304,+CO₂ ↑
CO+Fe2O3 ----FeO + CO₂ ↑
CO+FeO→→→→ Fe + CO₂ ↑
(spongy iron)
(i) Zone of slag: Its temperture at range from 900°C to 1200°C. The following
equations occur in this zone:
- CaCO3, —--- CaO + C0
- CaCO,3+C-----CaO+200↑
3.CaO+6Sio,----Ca6SiO, (slag)
(ii) Zone of combustion and fusion: Its temperature ranges from 1200°C to 1600°C. this temperature spongy iron melts completely. Molten iron gets saturated with the re- ing carbon. Slag being heavier settles down which contains some amount of impurities licon, phosphorus and manganese. This is known as Pig iron.
(c) Diagram of blast furnace: