Question

Discuss the factors that affect the rate of rock weathering in the coastal zone area.

Answer 1

Answer:

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Answer 2

Answer:

Factors Which Control the Rates of Weathering-:

Properties of the Parent Rock

1. The mineralogy and structure of a rock affects it’s susceptibility to weathering.

2. Different minerals weather at different rates. Mafic silicates like olivine and pyroxene tend to weather much faster than felsic minerals like quartz and feldspar. Different minerals show different degrees of solubility in water in that some minerals dissolve much more readily than others. Water dissolves calcite more readily than it does feldspar, so calcite is considered to be more soluble than feldspar.

3. A rock’s structure also affects its susceptibility to weathering. Massive rocks like granite generally to not contain planes of weakness whereas layered sedimentary rocks have bedding planes that can be easily pulled apart and infiltrated by water. Weathering therefore occurs more slowly in granite than in layered sedimentary rocks.

Climate

1. Rainfall and temperature can affect the rate in which rocks weather. High temperatures and greater rainfall increase the rate of chemical weathering.

2. Rocks in tropical regions exposed to abundant rainfall and hot temperatures weather much faster than similar rocks residing in cold, dry regions.

Soil

1. Soils affect the rate in which a rock weathers. Soils retain rainwater so that rocks covered by soil are subjected to chemical reactions with water much longer than rocks not covered by soil. Soils are also host to a variety of vegetation, bacteria and organisms that produce an acidic environment which also promotes chemical weathering.

2. Minerals in a rock buried in soil will therefore break down more rapidly than minerals in a rock that is exposed to air.

Length of Exposure

1. The longer a rock is exposed to the agents of weathering, the greater the degree of alteration, dissolution and physical breakup. Lava flows that are quickly buried by subsequent lava flows are less likely to be weathered than a flow which remains exposed to the elements for long periods of time.

Explanation:

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