Discuss the factors that determined the agrarian environment of Indian subcontinent
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Factors that determine the agrarian environment
Mechanization
Mechanization is also an important socio-economic factor affecting agricultural development.
The technological changes including the use of modern hand tools, animals drawn implements, tractors, thrashers and more economic patterns of farm management play a vital role in the selection of crops grown and decision-making at the farm level.
Climate
The agricultural activities of farmers are conditioned by seasonal and spatial variations in the distribution of climate elements.
Rainfall
Agriculture is dependent on the rainfall at the right time.
Labour force
The availability of labour, its quantity and quality at the periods of demand have great influence on the agricultural land use and decision making process of the farmer.
Transportation Facilities
The transportation system exercises tremendous influence over the structure of economy and socio-economic development process in a region.
Transport is one of the most important components of infrastructure for the development of agriculture.
This is not only necessary for the movement of agricultural products but also for the supply of fertilizers, machineries, seeds and other requirements of the farmers.
Efficient transport system can save time when grains and other crops are being moved from the farmer’s home to the market.
Marketing Facilities
Marketing is one of the stimulating factors for the development of agriculture in any region.
Market facilities are connected with sufficient transport networks in a region.
Commercial crops like potato, jute, vegetables can be produced if good marketing and transport facilities are available.
The high yielding varieties fetch better income to the peasants only if a good market for the commodity is available within the neighbourhood of the place of production or the produce can be transported with ease and with less transportation charges in the big towns and places of demand.
Many a times due to the non-availability of marketing, cold storage and ware-housing facilities, the production is damaged. This may discourage the peasants to adopt high yielding varieties.
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