Discuss the factors which are considered in choosing a welding process for a specific application.
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➡There are seven key factors to consider when selecting a filler metal:
✔Factor No. 1: The base material to be welded
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Welding operators can rest assured that their weld deposit will have the same strength and properties as the base material.
When materials being joined are not the same strength, there are other considerations. As a rule of thumb, welding operators should match the strength of the filler metal to the lower strength of the two base materials. During the welding process, dilution from the higher-strength base material is sufficient to strengthen the weld metal deposit.
Most base metals can easily be identified through tests based on appearance and reactions to magnets, fracture, chisel, and flames or sparks; and a welding operator typically knows what base material he or she is working with. In some cases—usually during repair or rework welding—it may be necessary to take a sample to a lab that can conduct a chemical analysis.
✔Factor No. 2: The welding position
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Whenever possible, welding operators should rotate the part so it can be welded in a flat position. Welding in a flat position is always the most economical method, followed by horizontal or vertical and, lastly, an overhead position.
If a welding operator must work with a large weld that can’t be manipulated, however, it forces the need to weld in multiple welding positions. Out-of-position welding can be especially challenging if there is only one wire size available.
✔Factor No. 3: Regulatory specifications and codes
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Job specifications often dictate what class of wire to use. If not, welding operators should carefully consider the service requirements the welds may encounter.
✔Factor No. 4: Design requirements
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In addition to following codes (when required), it is important to select a filler metal that meets or exceeds the needs of a joint design, as specified by the engineer’s welding configuration. For instance, when welding on thin material, it is important that the arc characteristics are appropriate—a wire that provides deep penetration may cause the welding operator to burn through. On the other hand, if the part to be welded is thick and features a single "V" joint, a filler metal with better penetration characteristics allows for better tie-in at the root and sides.
✔Factor No. 5: Shielding gas
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It’s important to ensure the filler metal and shielding gas used for an application are compatible.
Different shielding gases have different effects on filler metal. For example, the addition of argon to carbon dioxide(CO2) allows the welding operator to transfer more of the filler metal’s chemistry into the weld deposit. This mixture provides consistent weld quality, offers good weld pool control, and generates lower levels of spatter. However, by transferring a richer chemistry from the filler metal into the weld deposit, it also increases the risk of potential cracking.
✔Factor No. 6: Post-weld heat treatment
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There are certain steels and material thicknesses that must be preheated to a certain temperature before welding commences. Preheating allows the part to cool down at a slow rate to avoid weld-shrinking issues and cracking. Similarly, post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) is used to reduce the stresses and slowly lower the residual heat introduced during welding, allowing the weld joint and base materials to return to the desired properties. On materials that require PWHT, it is important to select a filler metal capable of producing welds that respond appropriately to the application of heat.
✔Factor No. 7: Welding equipment
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The type and size of equipment being used impacts what filler metal is best for the job. Specifically, the power source needs to provide enough amperage for the diameter of wire being used for the job. In the event that there is not enough amperage it will be necessary to either change wire diameters, which could result in slower production to complete the weld, or change to a higher-capacity machine.
It’s also important for the power source to offer the proper welding current for the filler metal chosen. Welding in the wrong current can lead to spatter and poor weld quality.
thank u ❤❤✌☺☺
pls mark it as the brainliest answer
❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤
➡There are seven key factors to consider when selecting a filler metal:
✔Factor No. 1: The base material to be welded
❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤
Welding operators can rest assured that their weld deposit will have the same strength and properties as the base material.
When materials being joined are not the same strength, there are other considerations. As a rule of thumb, welding operators should match the strength of the filler metal to the lower strength of the two base materials. During the welding process, dilution from the higher-strength base material is sufficient to strengthen the weld metal deposit.
Most base metals can easily be identified through tests based on appearance and reactions to magnets, fracture, chisel, and flames or sparks; and a welding operator typically knows what base material he or she is working with. In some cases—usually during repair or rework welding—it may be necessary to take a sample to a lab that can conduct a chemical analysis.
✔Factor No. 2: The welding position
❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤
Whenever possible, welding operators should rotate the part so it can be welded in a flat position. Welding in a flat position is always the most economical method, followed by horizontal or vertical and, lastly, an overhead position.
If a welding operator must work with a large weld that can’t be manipulated, however, it forces the need to weld in multiple welding positions. Out-of-position welding can be especially challenging if there is only one wire size available.
✔Factor No. 3: Regulatory specifications and codes
❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤
Job specifications often dictate what class of wire to use. If not, welding operators should carefully consider the service requirements the welds may encounter.
✔Factor No. 4: Design requirements
❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤
In addition to following codes (when required), it is important to select a filler metal that meets or exceeds the needs of a joint design, as specified by the engineer’s welding configuration. For instance, when welding on thin material, it is important that the arc characteristics are appropriate—a wire that provides deep penetration may cause the welding operator to burn through. On the other hand, if the part to be welded is thick and features a single "V" joint, a filler metal with better penetration characteristics allows for better tie-in at the root and sides.
✔Factor No. 5: Shielding gas
❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤
It’s important to ensure the filler metal and shielding gas used for an application are compatible.
Different shielding gases have different effects on filler metal. For example, the addition of argon to carbon dioxide(CO2) allows the welding operator to transfer more of the filler metal’s chemistry into the weld deposit. This mixture provides consistent weld quality, offers good weld pool control, and generates lower levels of spatter. However, by transferring a richer chemistry from the filler metal into the weld deposit, it also increases the risk of potential cracking.
✔Factor No. 6: Post-weld heat treatment
❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤
There are certain steels and material thicknesses that must be preheated to a certain temperature before welding commences. Preheating allows the part to cool down at a slow rate to avoid weld-shrinking issues and cracking. Similarly, post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) is used to reduce the stresses and slowly lower the residual heat introduced during welding, allowing the weld joint and base materials to return to the desired properties. On materials that require PWHT, it is important to select a filler metal capable of producing welds that respond appropriately to the application of heat.
✔Factor No. 7: Welding equipment
❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤
The type and size of equipment being used impacts what filler metal is best for the job. Specifically, the power source needs to provide enough amperage for the diameter of wire being used for the job. In the event that there is not enough amperage it will be necessary to either change wire diameters, which could result in slower production to complete the weld, or change to a higher-capacity machine.
It’s also important for the power source to offer the proper welding current for the filler metal chosen. Welding in the wrong current can lead to spatter and poor weld quality.
thank u ❤❤✌☺☺
pls mark it as the brainliest answer
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