discuss the features of land revenue system under Akbar
Answers
Before Akbar no Mughal land revenue system exists .
Humayun and grandfather Babur didn't introduce any changes as they were first conquerors of their dynasty and remained pre-occupied with consolidating empires and maintaining order.
Proper land revenue system was constructed by Akbar.
Though system of Akbar was itself based on Shershah Suri implemented in his short tenure.
Land revenue system of Akbar was not of innovation/invention.
His indebtedness towards earlier rulers is immense though this dosen't ruined his fame in far as land revenue system.
He followed policy of Shershah with large precision and correctness and extended it to different provinces of his empire.
That correction didn't came overnight.
land revenue system
Akbar ke pass special importance to the land revenue system. Todar mal's appointment as the diwan I Ashraf in 1582 was a landmark in the spare of revenue reforms. It had various salient features. First was the survey and measurement of land. The length of old unit of measurement change in different Seasons. Hence, there were replaced by the jaribs of bamboo,which when joined by Iron rings. This assured a constant measurement in all seasons. II was the classification of land there were four categories of land :
- polaj, which was the most fertile and cultivated regularly,
- parauti was less fertile,
- chachar even a inferior
- Banjar was and in fertile land. Land revenue for state share was fixed accordingly to the fertility of the land.
this revenue system, also known as a Todar mal's bandibast ,was ryotwari because the annual payment was collected from the cultivators. This system enriched tracery without putting too much birthday in on cultivators. The state advanced loans to the needy farmers. As a result, agriculture florist. This gave a boost to trade and industry.