discuss the impact of the colonial rule in india
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Right from the beginning of their relationship with India, Britishers, who had come as traders and had become rulers and administrators, had influenced the economic and political system of the country. Their impact on the social and cultural life of India was, however, gradual. Till 1813, they followed a policy of non-interference in the social and cultural life of the Indian. Yet,the changes were taking place in these fields gradually. These changes were related to education, the condition of women the caste system and various social practices.
Initially, the East India Company did not think that it was its duty to impart education to Indians. It allowed the old system of education to continue. But, the old system of education was eventually changed by the British. Around the beginning of 19th century, the Company became aware of the need for introducing the Western Education in India. The Charter Act of 1813 directed the Company to spend one lakh rupees on the education of Indians. But even this meagre amount could not be utilized because of a raging debate over the medium of instruction. Orientalists advocated the traditional Indian learning through the medium of the classical languages of Sanskrit and Persian. The Anglicists, on the other hand, argued that Western education should be imparted through the medium of English. In 1835, the government passed an Act declaring that educational funds would be utilized for imparting Western education through the medium of English.
The Indian Civil Service was carefully built up during the British rule into a powerful and efficient bureaucratic force. In the last decade of eighteenth century, Lord Cornwallis set himself to purity and recognized the administration and filled all the key posts with men from Britain. With the gradual march of time, other more specialized services were established and the Public Works Department, Indian Police Services, Indian Forest Services, Indian Medical Services followed later on.
In the social sphere British impact proved to be very beneficial. The prohibition of Sati, prohibition of child marriage, introduction of widow remarriage, checking of infanticide, polygamy, untouchability etc eradicated age old social evils from Indian society.
In the sphere of constitution, the idea of equality, human rights and liberty were the gifts of British influence.
Initially, the East India Company did not think that it was its duty to impart education to Indians. It allowed the old system of education to continue. But, the old system of education was eventually changed by the British. Around the beginning of 19th century, the Company became aware of the need for introducing the Western Education in India. The Charter Act of 1813 directed the Company to spend one lakh rupees on the education of Indians. But even this meagre amount could not be utilized because of a raging debate over the medium of instruction. Orientalists advocated the traditional Indian learning through the medium of the classical languages of Sanskrit and Persian. The Anglicists, on the other hand, argued that Western education should be imparted through the medium of English. In 1835, the government passed an Act declaring that educational funds would be utilized for imparting Western education through the medium of English.
The Indian Civil Service was carefully built up during the British rule into a powerful and efficient bureaucratic force. In the last decade of eighteenth century, Lord Cornwallis set himself to purity and recognized the administration and filled all the key posts with men from Britain. With the gradual march of time, other more specialized services were established and the Public Works Department, Indian Police Services, Indian Forest Services, Indian Medical Services followed later on.
In the social sphere British impact proved to be very beneficial. The prohibition of Sati, prohibition of child marriage, introduction of widow remarriage, checking of infanticide, polygamy, untouchability etc eradicated age old social evils from Indian society.
In the sphere of constitution, the idea of equality, human rights and liberty were the gifts of British influence.
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The establishment of the British Indian Empire marked the most significant political change during the colonial period. In 1757, the Indian subcontinent was divided into several kingdoms and provinces. Over the next 190 years, the British established direct rule over large parts of India.
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