Question

Discuss the important factors that determine the climate of india

Answer 1

The location of India and the various relief features have deep effect in determining climate of India.

(t) Location

1. India is located between 8° N to 37° N latitudes.
2. Tropic of Cancer divides the country in two - equal halves— North sub-tropical zone and South tropical zone.
3. *India is sorrounded by three water bodies in the south and girdled by a high continuous mountain chain in the North.
4. This compact ph^ical setting gives unique and common climatic framework.
5. Indian ocean, Bay of Bengal and Arabian sea have moderating effects on India’s climatic condition.
6. (ii) Relief
7. High mountains in the North act as barriers for cold and hot winds. It provides the whole of North India a tropical climate.
8. They may also cause precipitation as they are high enough and lie in the path of rain-bearing winds. For example, the leeward side of Western Ghats remains relatively dry in monsoon season.
9. The Himalayas also force the South-West mansoons to shed all their moisture in the sub-continent.
10. Thus, it can be concluded that location and relief are important factors in determining the climate of India.

Answer 2

There are basically 6 factors affecting India's climate.  

1) LATITUDE - Due to the curvature of the Earth, the amount of solar energy received is different according to the latitudes.  

2) ALTITUDE - As we go higher, temperature generally decreases (From equator to poles) as the atmosphere becomes less dense.  

3) PRESSURE AND WIND SYSTEM - They depend on the latitude and altitude of a place, thus influencing the rainfall patterns.  

4) DISTANCE FROM SEA - The sea has a moderating effect on the climate. As distance from sea increases, this effect decreases and places experience extreme weather conditions (continentality).  

5) OCEAN CURRENTS - They affect the climate of the coastal areas with the onshore winds.  

6) RELIEF - High mountains act as barriers for cold/hot winds, may also cause precipitation if they are high enough and lie in the path of rain bearing winds. The leeward side of the mountains remains dry.

hope this answer was helpful :)