Discuss the important features of the 73rd constitutional amendment act, 1992.
Answers
Answer:
73rd Amendment
The new constitution, introduced in 1992, was a huge movement toward establishing a system that was uniquely Indian yet made sure to include all citizens. The 73rd Amendment to that constitution, also introduced in 1992 and ratified in April of 1993, set forth guidelines for local systems of self-rule and created a whole new section to the constitution known as Part IX: The Panchayats. This section focused on organizing a three-tiered system for local self-rule, instituting a commission to oversee elections in each state, and empowering disenfranchised citizens.
Explanation:
Three tier Structure – Three tier Structure – Gram Panchayat, Intermediate Panchayat and Zilla Gram Panchayat, Intermediate Panchayat and Zilla
Parishad Parishad:
o A three-tier structure provides uniformity in structure.
o Panchayats at the village level, intermediate level and district level.
o Two tier of panchayats in population not exceeding 20 lakhs,
Gram Sabha : Gram Sabha :
o A Gram Sabha constituted in each village.
o Exercising powers and functions as per state Act.
o It consists registered voters.
Composition of Panchayats : Composition of Panchayats :
o Direct election of a panchayat at three tiers.
o Chairpersons of the Gram Panchayats are the Ex-officio members at the
intermediate level .
o Chairpersons of the Gram Panchayats at the intermediate level are the
Ex-officio members in the Panchayats at the district level.
o Association of MPs and MLAs :
o All the members have the right to vote in the meetings.
Reservation of Seats: Reservation of Seats:
o Reservation for the SCs and STs at the three levels.
o The seats to be filled by direct election.
o One-third of the seats are reserved for SC or ST women.
o Not less than one-third membership has been reserved for women.
o Direct election in every panchayat and by rotation.
o Not less than one-third of offices of Chairpersons reserved for women by
rotation.
o The offices of Chairpersons shall also be reserved for SCs and ST.