Question

Discuss the initiatives of china and south korea in women empowerment ??​

Answer 1

Answer:

Political Participation of Women in South Korea

The participation of women in the political arena is a growing trend in the twenty-first century. Until the second decade of the twentieth century, only New Zealand and Australia had extended suffrage to women in national elections.[1] By the final quarter of the twentieth century, only a handful of countries, such as Saudi Arabia legally excluded women from political processes open to men.[2] Traditionally, politics has been a male-dominated occupation and women have been underrepresented. This holds true for South Korea, as only a few women hold leadership positions within South Korean politics.

Women in the country are viewed as apolitical, mainly due to gender role socialization through socialization agents such as family, school and mass media.[3] With the promulgation of the July 17, 1948 South Korean Constitution, women’s rights to employment and education were highlighted in an attempt to prohibit discrimination. Article 9, Paragraph 1 of the 1948 Constitution states:

All citizens shall be equal before the law and there shall be no discrimination in political, economic, social, or cultural life on account of sex, religion or social status. [4]

Be that as it may, women’s underrepresentation in Korean politics had yet to improve. The average number of women representatives in past legislatures in the Republic of Korea has been around a mere two percent.[5] In the political history of South Korea, women elected in the parliament constitute a very small percentage of representation. From 1948 to 2004 the average percentage of women in the South Korean National Assembly averaged 2.9 percent. Except in the years 1973, 2000, and 2004, women were noticeably elected to less than 5 percent of the National Assembly seats.

The percentage of women representation in the parliament increased from 5.9 percent in the 16th National Assembly of 2000 to 13 percent in the 17th National Assembly of 2004, illustrating the increasing status and political empowerment of women. In 1993, President Kim Yong-sam appointed three women ministers, in 1998 President Kim De-jung appointed two women cabinet ministers, and in 2003 President Roh Moo-hyun appointed four women ministers.[6]

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