Discuss the main characteristic features of the transition elements with special reference to their atomic size, variable oxidation states, magnetic and catalytic properties.
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Explanation:
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General Characteristics of Transition Elements
Table of Content
Metallic Character
Melting and Boiling Point
Atomic (Covalent) and Ionic Radii
The ionization energy (IE)
Colour
Formation of Alloys
Interstitial Compounds
Variable Oxidation State
Catalytic Property
Complex Formation
Variable Oxidation State
Magnetic Property
Density
Related Resources
Metallic Character
All the transition elements are metals; this is because the number of electrons in outermost shell is only 2.
Transition metals are hard, malleable and ductile due to presence of strong metallic bonds.
Transition metals crystallize in all the three face centred cubic (fcc), hexagonal close packed (hcp) and body centred cubic (bcc) crystals.
Transition metals of VIII and IB Groups are softer and more ductile as compare to the other transition metals.
Along with metallic bonding, transition metals also show covalent bonding due to presence of unfilled d-orbitals.
As transition elements are metals so they good conductors of heat and electricity.