discuss the main consequences of population migration
Answers
Anders came to the U.S. not all that long ago. He tells us that one of the social problems he has encountered is racial and ethnic tension. People see him as an outsider in terms of his skin color, his cultural traditions, and much more. He tries not to let this affect him, but one of the things he constantly hears from some politicians on TV is that it's because of immigrants like him that Americans lose jobs. However, he argues that he simply fills jobs, especially unskilled jobs, which Americans are unwilling to fill for the low wages that he earns. This brings Anders to another point. Because he cannot gain a more highly-skilled job (his particular foreign education doesn't count for much in the U.S.), he and others like him may strain social services like affordable housing and welfare. Immigrants, namely those moving from one developing nation to another developing nation, can also easily spread diseases if they are not properly screened.
Of course, Anders also knows there are many advantages that America is reaping from immigrants besides a workforce prepared to perform cheap labor. First, some immigrants that come to the U.S. are highly skilled and sought after. They add many important ideas to the workforce. These ideas help create jobs and improve the economy. Secondly, immigrants offer cultural diversity. If you think that's not important, then think about the various ethnic restaurants Americans enjoy, like Thai, Chinese, Mexican, and Indian food. And don't forget about the spread of various languages Americans love to learn like Spanish thanks, in part, to immigrants. Immigrants like Anders can also play an important role in swaying political elections. America's important minorities, like Latin Americans, are highly coveted by both political parties and thus help influence public policy in the country.
Consequences of migration
Well-trained and enterprising people more readily make the decision to migrate. The emigration of specialists weakens their home countries. On the other hand, money transferred by emigrants alleviates the poverty at home. Large influxes of asylum seekers confront Western target countries with serious and diverse problems.
Emigration weakens the native countries of the migrants
As a rule, the emigration or expulsion of large numbers of people exacerbates the economic and political problems in their native countries. Young men with a good education account for a disproportionate share of the migrant population because they are most confident about settling down successfully elsewhere.
The World Bank estimates that there are roughly 100 000 university graduates, fully or partly educated in Africa, living and working in Western industrialized countries. The emigration of highly-qualified personnel from Asia may well be many times higher. The former Eastern bloc countries are also seriously affected by the so-called "brain drain": in the last 10 years Bulgaria has lost about 20 per cent of its educated population due to emigration. In Armenia, even 30 to 40 per cent of the population have left the country in the same period.
Successful emigrants encourage others to follow them
Emigration leaves noticeable gaps in the countries of origin. The loss of well-trained and experienced specialists reduces a nation’s chances of building up workable economic structures by its own efforts. People moving to a world with a better infrastructure and higher standard of living soon become used to the new conditions. Only few are prepared to accept the poorer conditions on return to their country of origin later.
The example of successful emigrants encourages others to copy them. By passing on their contacts, they help to cultivate a network that reaches out to ever-widening circles of compatriots.