Question

Discuss the main purpose of vulcanization of rubber.
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Answer 1

Answer:

Natural rubber becomes soft at high temperature and brittle at low temperatures. To improve physical properties of rubber, vulcanization is carried out. On vulcanization, sulphur forms cross-links at the reactive sites of double bonds and thus the rubber gets stiffened.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

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$\purple{➥}$Natural rubber though useful has some problems associated with its use. These limitations are discussed below:

$\blue{➯}$Natural rubber is quite soft and sticky at room temperature. At elevated temperatures (> 335 K), it becomes even softer. At low temperatures (< 283 K), it becomes brittle. Thus, to maintain its elasticity, natural rubber is generally used in the temperature range of 283 K-335 K.

$\pink{➯}$ It has the capacity to absorb large amounts of water.

$\red{➯}$ It has low tensile strength and low resistance to abrasion.

$\green{➯}$It is soluble in non-polar solvents.

$\purple{➯}$ It is easily attacked by oxidizing agents.

Vulcanization of natural rubber is done to improve upon all these properties. In this process, a mixture of raw rubber with sulphur and appropriate additive is heated at a temperature range between 373 K and 415 K.