Discuss the main reasons the colonialism of Africa?
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The Colonization of Africa Between the 1870s and 1900, Africa faced European imperialist aggression, diplomatic pressures, military invasions, and eventual conquest and colonization. At the same time, African societies put up various forms of resistance against the attempt to colonize their countries and impose foreign domination.
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The 19th century in Europe was a time of industrialization. Factories in Europe required raw materials to be manufactured into marketable products. As a result, Europeans sought both asource of raw materials, as well as, a market for manufactured goods in Africa. This economic motivation played a larger role in the colonization of Africa. Again in this period the free trade was giving way to protective tariffs and discriminatory practices in the colonies as well as at home meant a growing urgency for protected overseas markets. Another reason for the Scramble for Africa, (1885-1910) which resulted in the colonization of all of Africa in just twenty-five years, was the competition between European nations. Apart from the wish to have more colonies there was also the means to carry out these operations.
The competition was particularly strong between Britain, France, and Germany; the strongest European nation-states in the late 19th century were able to make certain areas of Africa into their colonies in two main ways. Some African leaders were willing to sign treaties with Europeans for various reasons. In some cases, they saw it to their benefit to gain European allies. In other cases, there was not a clear understanding of what the treaties were about or what the consequences of them would be. Secondly, military force was used in some cases when there was a large amount of resistance to colonial rule especially in the late 19th century.
The advancement in armoury gave the small armies of the conquering nations the effective power to defeat the much larger armies of the peoples of Africa. Rapid railroad construction provided the means for military, political and economic consolidation of continental interiors. With the invention of the new steamships, settlers and materials could be moved to Africa with greater dispatch and bulk shipments of raw materials and food from Africa, prohibitively costly for some products in the day of the sailing ship, became economically feasible and profitable.
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The competition was particularly strong between Britain, France, and Germany; the strongest European nation-states in the late 19th century were able to make certain areas of Africa into their colonies in two main ways. Some African leaders were willing to sign treaties with Europeans for various reasons. In some cases, they saw it to their benefit to gain European allies. In other cases, there was not a clear understanding of what the treaties were about or what the consequences of them would be. Secondly, military force was used in some cases when there was a large amount of resistance to colonial rule especially in the late 19th century.
The advancement in armoury gave the small armies of the conquering nations the effective power to defeat the much larger armies of the peoples of Africa. Rapid railroad construction provided the means for military, political and economic consolidation of continental interiors. With the invention of the new steamships, settlers and materials could be moved to Africa with greater dispatch and bulk shipments of raw materials and food from Africa, prohibitively costly for some products in the day of the sailing ship, became economically feasible and profitable.
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