Question

Discuss the mechanism of alkaline hydrolysis of bromoethane [SN² mechanism].

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Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

a. Alkaline hydrolysis of bromomethane follows bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN2)mechanism. The hydrolysis reaction can be written as follows:

1. Approach of the nucleophile (Backside attack):

i. The nucleophile (OH-) slowly approaches the carbon atom from the opposite side of the C - Br bond.

ii. C – OH weak bond is formed, while the existing C – Br bond gradually weakens.

iii. It is a slow process and hence, it is the rate determining step (R.D.S.).

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Answer 2

CH³ −Br + OH− → CH³ OH + Br −

(Leaving Nucleophile Group)

Step 1: Back side attack of OH − on C

Step 2: Formation of transition state

Step 3: Br −leaves the compound This mechanism proceeds through SN²