Question

Discuss the misolithic culture in india? 250 words

Answer 1

The time period between 12,000 and 2,000 B.C. in India is marked as Late Stone Age, Mesolithic, or Microlithic period.

Tools of Mesolithic Culture

The tools of Mesolithic Culture were characterized by −

Parallel-sided blades taken out from prepared cores of such fine material as chert, chalcedony, crystal, jasper, carnelian, agate, etc.;

Stone size (of tools) decreased;

Tools were hafted in wood and bones;

The size and shapes of the tools used as composite tools; and

Some new tool-types namely lunates, trapezes, triangles, arrow-heads, etc. were developed.

Mesolithic Tools

The archaeological stratigraphy reflects the continuity from the Upper Palaeolithic age to the Microlithic age and it proved that the Microlithic industry is rooted in the preceding phase of the Upper Palaeolithic industry.

The C-14 dates available for the Mesolithic culture illustrate that this industry began around 12,000 B.C. and survived up to 2,000 B.C.

Sites of Mesolithic Culture

The various sites of the Mesolithic period were located in −

Langhnaj in Gujarat,

Bagor in Rajasthan,

Sarai Nahar Rai, Chopani Mando, Mahdaha, and Damdama in Uttar Pradesh,

Bhimbetka and Adamgarh in Madhya Pradesh,

Orissa,

Kerala, and

Andhra Pradesh

The inhabitant community of the sites in Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Uttar Pradesh were essentially hunters, food-gatherers, and fishermen. However, some of the agricultural practice also evidenced at these sites.

The sites of Bagor in Rajasthan and Langhnaj in Gujarat elucidate that these Mesolithic communities were in touch with the people of the Harappan and other Chalcolithic cultures and traded various items with each other.

About 6,000 B.C., the Mesolithic people may have partly adopted the settled way of life and started domestication of animals including sheep and goat.

Prehistoric Rock Art

The rock-shelters in India were mainly occupied by the Upper Palaeolithic and Mesolithic people.

The rock-paintings depict a variety of subjects related to animals and the scenes including both people and animals. Besides animals and birds, fishes have also been depicted in the rock paintings.

Following were the important rock-painting sites −

Murhana Pahar in Uttar Pradesh

Bhimbetka, Adamgarh, Lakha Juar in Madhya Pradesh

Kupagallu in Karnataka.

Bhimbetka Cave Painting

The rock paintings portrayed human-beings involved in various activities, such as dancing, running and hunting, playing games, and engaged in battle. The colors used in these rock paintings are deep red, green, white and yellow.

The rhinoceros hunting scene from the Adamgarh rock-shelters reveals that large number of people joins together for the hunt of bigger animals.

Answer 2

The Mesolithic culture in India:

• The earth's history called the Stone Age came with remarkable accomplishments developed by early people who roamed the globe for food and clothing following large animals around.
• This early nomadic person named hunter-gatherers wanted equipment and arms that would be strong enough to take down predators that are much bigger than our minds would imagine today. Call this age the Stone Age because of the methods used by early humans during the stone-making era.
• The first phase of the Stone Age is dubbed the Paleolithic Period when the climate became particularly cold, sometimes known as the Old Stone Age. You could also term this time the Ice Age when ice covered most of the planet.
• To make clothes to keep warm to live, early humans would have had large animals for their fur. The world warmed dramatically by the next Stone Age period and Ice Age came to an end. This Stone Age middle part is called the Mesolithic Era.
• The Mesolithic Period in Europe began approximately 8,000 BCE. The period started about 12,000 BCE in India and continued up to 2,000 BCE. One difference between the sites of the Mesolithic Period in India and those in some other parts of the world is that evidence exists that the Neolithic era has already begun.
• The New Stone Age would see the planet committed to agriculture and animal domestication, allowing humanity to avoid hunting and gathering.

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