Question

discuss the pattern of variation in the oxidation States of (1) B to TI and (2) (3) c to pb .​

Answer 1

(i) B shows +3 oxidation state. Other group 13 elements s show +1 and +3 oxidation state.

On moving down the group 13, the stability of +1 oxidation state increases and the stability of +3 oxidation state decreases due to inert pair effect.

B and Al show +3 oxidation state, Ga and In show +1 and +3 oxidation states and Tl mainly shows +1 oxidation state.

(ii) Group 14 elements show +2 and +4 oxidation states. The stability of +2 oxidation state increases and the stability of +4 oxidation state decreases due to inert pair effect. C and Si mainly show +4 oxidation state, Ge and Sn show +2 and +4 oxidation state and Pb mainly shows +2 oxidation state.

in sry i didn't get the 3rd one but i hope it helps