Discuss the postive and negative role of elctronic media on drug abuse
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Substance abuse denotes the harmful usage of psychoactive substances, which encompasses tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drugs (e.g., opioids, cannabinoids, and cocaine) and also psychoactive medicament drugs. The usage of psychoactive substances is one of the most significant global public health issues among youths.[1,2] In most Western countries, the initiation of smoking rises mostly during adolescence, killing half of the all lifetime.[3] Greater than half of the adolescents in the U.S. report alcohol use, and approximately one-fourth report exposure to illicit drugs.[4] In the Netherlands, the UK, and the US, smoking rates increased from 7% of 11 years old to 45% by the age of 14 years and 62% by age 17 years in 2009.[5] Smoking epidemic and its consequence are more common in the developing countries in South Asia such as Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, and Nepal, as the major section of their population involves adolescents.[6] Global Youth Tobacco Survey in India showed that 3.8% of students smoke and 11.9% use smokeless tobacco.[7] Cannabis, heroin, and some medicinal agents are commonly abused drugs in India.[8] Drugs or alcohol abusers often land up in grave consequences such as accidents, overdoses, crime, underachievement in school, violence, teen pregnancy, depression, and suicide.[9,10]
Adolescence is characterized by biological, cognitive, emotional, and social changes that are important for strengthening habits of adult life. Adolescence is associated with greater proclivity to undertake perils which may stimulate curiosity in testing new manners and activities. Developmental alterations in the brain can cause behavioral qualities characteristic of adolescence including higher tendency for drug abuse.[11]
Electronic media has become a part of day-to-day life for all, and particularly more so for children and adolescent. Children and adolescents are exposed to electronic media for considerable time daily, and exposure to electronic media may be beneficial as well as harmful. However, the content of exposure, timing of exposure, duration of exposure, and sociodemographic characteristics of children and adolescents influences the impact of exposure to these interventions. Electronic media may be useful for creating positive social behavior, prevent violence, and enhance academic performances. The intervention may also be used to prevent or quit the habit of substance abuse.[12] On the other hand, negative effects of exposure of electronic media may be drug and tobacco abuse, unhealthy eating habits and obesity, sexual aggression, and poor academic performances.
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