discuss the pre
and post Industrial
revolution population growth trends of the world?
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
There have been two major population explosions in the course of human social evolution. By the end of the Paleolithic Period the world’s human population is estimated to have been between five and six million (an average of 0.1 person per square mile [0.04 person per square kilometre] of Earth’s land area). Following the Neolithic or agricultural revolution, the population made its first major leap, reaching over the short span of 8,000 years around 150 million by the year 1000 BCE (2.6 persons per square mile). For the next two and a half thousand years there was relatively little change. World population had reached about 500 million by the middle of the 17th century. During this time any tendency for population to grow was punished by the checks of starvation and pestilence. Only with the Industrial Revolution of the 18th century did population growth break out again from its Malthusian fetters.
From about 1700 there was a second and far more rapid population explosion. Since the late 1600s the world’s population has increased more than 15-fold. This gives some measure of the difference between the two population revolutions of human history: there has been a dramatic increase not simply in population but in the rate of increase of population since industrialization took hold. Between 1650 and 1850 the average annual rate of increase of the world’s population doubled; it doubled again by the 1920s, and it more than doubled, once more, by the 1970s.
If the time taken to double the world’s population over the past 350 years is taken as a measure, then the doubling time is seen to have been shrinking fast. It took 200 years, to 1825, to double the world’s population from 500 million to 1 billion. It took only 100 years to achieve the next doubling, bringing the total to 2 billion by 1930, and only 45 years to achieve yet another doubling, to 4 billion by 1975. The world’s population 45 years later—about 7.7 billion by 2020—indicated a leveling off of the growth rate in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.