DISCUSS THE PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF SODIUM CARBONATE?
Answers
Sodium carbonate is usually made by the Ammonia-soda process or Solvay process. The raw materials for this process are common salt, ammonia and limestone (for supplying CO2 and quicklime).
When carbon dioxide is passed into a concentrated solution of brine saturated with ammonia, ammonium bicarbonate is produced. The ammonium bicarbonate then reacts with common salt forming sodium bicarbonate.
The suspended sodium hydrogen carbonate is removed from the carbonating tower and heated at 300°C to produce sodium carbonate.
2NaHCO3——–> Na2CO3+CO2+H2O
This CO2 is recycled back into the carbonating tower.
properties:-
Physical properties:
Sodium carbonate is a white crystalline powder with a density of 2.54 g/mL, and a melting point of 851 °C.
Chemical properties:
Sodium carbonate is a stable but hygroscopic solid (absorbs water from air) and readily dissolves in water to form weakly acidic carbonic acid and the strong base, sodium hydroxide. Thus, the aqueous solution of Na2CO3 is overall a strong base. It reacts violently with many acids. When heated to high temperatures, it decomposes to emit toxic fumes of disodium oxide (Na2O).
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