Discuss the problem faced by shifting cultivators under colonial rule.
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The British wanted the shifting cultivators to settle down and became peasant cultivators. But settled plough cultivation is not easy in areas where water is scarce and the soil is dry. In fact, shifting cultivators who took to plough cultivation often suffered. Their fields did not produce good yields. Still they had to pay revenue fixed, by the British. In northeast India the shifting cultivators insisted on continuing with their traditional practice. They began to protest the new method.
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The British believed them to be criminals. They assumed that those who settled in one place were respectable citizens and easy to govern, and those who roamed from time to time were not to be trusted. They suffered under the policies of reserved forests and taxes on animals.
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