Discuss the properties of 3 States of matter in detail
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Answer:
the 3 state of matter are solid , liquid, and gas.
Answer:
Solids
A solid’s particles are packed closely together. The forces between the particles are strong enough that the particles cannot move freely, they can only vibrate. As a result, a solid has a stable, definite shape and a definite volume. Solids can only change shape under force, as when broken or cut.
In crystalline solids, particles are packed in a regularly ordered, repeating pattern. There are many different crystal structures, and the same substance can have more than one structure. For example, iron has a body-centered cubic structure at temperatures below 912 °C and a face-centered cubic structure between 912 and 1394 °C. Ice has fifteen known crystal structures, each of which exists at a different temperature and pressure.
A solid can transform into a liquid through melting, and a liquid can transform into a solid through freezing. A solid can also change directly into a gas through a process called sublimation.
Liquids
When a solid is heated above its melting point, it becomes liquid because the pressure is higher than the triple point of the substance. Intermolecular forces are still important, but the molecules have enough energy to move around, which makes the structure fluid. This means that a liquid is not definite in shape but rather conforms to the shape of its container. Its volume is usually greater than that of its corresponding solid (water turned to ice is a well-known exception to this rule). The highest temperature at which a particular liquid can exist is called its critical temperature.
Evaporation occurs when a liquid is converted to a gas through heating at constant pressure to the substance’s boiling point or through reduction of pressure at constant temperature.
Gases
Gas molecules have either very weak bonds or no bonds at all and they can move around freely and quickly. Because of this, not only will a gas conform to the shape of its container, it will also expand to completely fill the container. Gas molecules have enough kinetic energy that the effect of intermolecular forces is small (or zero, for an ideal gas), and they are spaced very far apart from each other. The typical distance between neighboring molecules is much greater than the size of the molecules themselves.
A gas at a temperature below its critical temperature can also be called a vapor. A vapor can be liquefied through compression without cooling. It can also exist in equilibrium with a liquid (or solid), in which case the gas pressure equals the vapor pressure of the liquid (or solid).
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