discuss the rise and fall of the Portuguese in India
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fall of Portuguese in India - Some key events in its downfall:
1) Dutch–Portuguese War: Portugal was a pioneer in the Indian Ocean due to a treaty obligation with Spain. However, in the 17th century, the Netherlands took most of the Portuguese territories in Asia away. As Natalia Nezvanova mentions below, the war came mainly because the Iberian Union with Spain that brought all of Spain's enemies to Portugal. This allowed Britain to side the Dutch in defeating the Iberian Union. That was when Indonesia and Sri Lanka shifted out of Portuguese control.
2) Invasion of Portugal (1807): Napoleon invaded Portugal in the 19th century and that resulted in a sequence of events that led Portugal to be temporarily ruled from Brazil [capital shifted from Lisbon to Rio]. Eventually, Brazil and Portugal parted ways in 1823. Independence of Brazil
3) 1890 British Ultimatum: After Portugal was booted out of both Asia and America, it went to build a position in Africa in Angola and Mozambique - connecting the Atlantic and Indian Oceans termed the Pink Map. However, this stood in the way of Britain's straight line of colonies from Cairo to Cape Town. Britain thus issued the ultimatum that thwarted Portugal's ambitions sparking a revolution that ended the monarchy.
4) Loss of Goa: In 1961, India took over the last European outpost in the subcontinent - Goa. This was at the behest of African independence movements that complained that Goa is used as a base for Portugal's African colonies. Once India took Goa in a swift operation, Portugal found it very hard to supply to its troops and lost out both Angola and Mozambique in a decade. This led to the Carnation Revolution that brought back democracy.
1) Dutch–Portuguese War: Portugal was a pioneer in the Indian Ocean due to a treaty obligation with Spain. However, in the 17th century, the Netherlands took most of the Portuguese territories in Asia away. As Natalia Nezvanova mentions below, the war came mainly because the Iberian Union with Spain that brought all of Spain's enemies to Portugal. This allowed Britain to side the Dutch in defeating the Iberian Union. That was when Indonesia and Sri Lanka shifted out of Portuguese control.
2) Invasion of Portugal (1807): Napoleon invaded Portugal in the 19th century and that resulted in a sequence of events that led Portugal to be temporarily ruled from Brazil [capital shifted from Lisbon to Rio]. Eventually, Brazil and Portugal parted ways in 1823. Independence of Brazil
3) 1890 British Ultimatum: After Portugal was booted out of both Asia and America, it went to build a position in Africa in Angola and Mozambique - connecting the Atlantic and Indian Oceans termed the Pink Map. However, this stood in the way of Britain's straight line of colonies from Cairo to Cape Town. Britain thus issued the ultimatum that thwarted Portugal's ambitions sparking a revolution that ended the monarchy.
4) Loss of Goa: In 1961, India took over the last European outpost in the subcontinent - Goa. This was at the behest of African independence movements that complained that Goa is used as a base for Portugal's African colonies. Once India took Goa in a swift operation, Portugal found it very hard to supply to its troops and lost out both Angola and Mozambique in a decade. This led to the Carnation Revolution that brought back democracy.
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give a brief account of the rise and fall of the protugues in india
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