Question

discuss the role of social reformers in creating a social consciousness beyond the religious boundaries

Answer 1

Answer:

The urgent need for social and religious reform that began to manifest itself from the early decades of the 19th century arose in response to the contact with Western culture and education.

The weakness and decay of Indian society was evident to educated Indians who started to work systematically for their removal.

They were no longer willing to accept the traditions, beliefs and practices of Hindu society simply because they had been observed for centuries.

The word social reformers itself says that reform india into a developing country, i.e, make india into a developing country. ... Some of the reformers took up the challenges of breaking the jinx of prevailing caste-system while some fought for the introduction of girls'-education and widow remarriage.

Answer 2

The 19th century India was at its peak in terms of the prevalence of social evils. Though  the relation of ill practices and orthodoxy thoughts in India is as old as the civilization itself, the social reformers felt the need to change these by introducing new consciousness among the people.

Reformers like Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Jyotiba Phule, Savitribai Phule, Swami Vivekanand etc. led the initiative to work for the wrongs widespread in the society.

Social Reform Movement are particularly divide in two parts:

Revivalist and

Reformist

• Revivalist-

This include the people who wanted to establish the old laws and reform the society on the basis of the old testimony.

The revivalist believed that the Britishers implementing the West ideology deter their religious belief. These include:-

1. Swami Dayanand Saraswati who gave the slogan of "Back to Vedas", founded Arya Samaj which restrict the idol worship in the society.
2. Deoband Movement by Muhammad Qasim Wanotavi and Rashid Ahamad Gangohi in 1866. They focused on the upliftment of the Muslims by setting up a school in Deoband in Uttar Pradesh.

• Reformist-

1. Raja Ram Mohan Roy, an evangelist to promote the Western ideas of Education and Society. He basically focus on the banning of Sati Pratha in 1829 and Widow Remarriage. He also founded Brahmo Samaj to spread the knowledge of Widow Remarriage and curbing other social evils.
2. Jyotiba and Savitribai Phule- They came from the outcaste community and started the reform movement against the prevalent caste system. Jyotiba in order to set an example married a Widow Savitribai, who later started a school for Girls to educate them.

In this way, Revivalist and Reformists play a crucial role in creating a social consciousness beyond religious boundaries.

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