Discuss the transformation that took place in Hindustan during the medieval period. PLEASE GIVE ME THIS ANSWER I WILL MARK U AS A BRAIN LIST
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The study of the 1000 years spanning 700 and 1750 is a challenge. The scales and variety of
developments that occurred over the period are huge. At different moments in this period, new
technologies made their appearances – like the Persian wheel in irrigation, the spinning wheel in
weaving, and firearms in combat. New foods and beverages arrived in the subcontinent – potatoes,
corn, chillies, tea and coffee. All these new technologies and crops – came along with people, who
brought other ideas with them as well, thus resulting in a period of economic, political, social and
cultural changes.
It was also a period of great mobility, as groups of people travelled long distances in search of
opportunity. Subcontinent held immense wealth and the possibilities for people to carve a fortune.
Rajputs name derived from “Rajaputra, the son of a ruler became quite popular during this period.
Between 8th and 14th centuries the term was used generally to refer to a group of warriors claiming
Kshatriya Status
Between the 8th and 14th centuries, the term was given for a group of warriors, claiming Kshatriya
caste status, including not just rulers and chieftains but also soldiers and commanders who served in the
armies of different monarchs all over the subcontinent. Extreme valour and a great sense of loyalty are
the qualities attributed to Rajputs by poets and bards. Marathas, Sikhs, Jats, Ahoms and Kayasthas (a
caste of scribes and secretaries) also used opportunities of the age to become politically important.
Many forest-dwellers migrated during this period due to change in habitat. There was a gradual clearing
of forests and the extension of agriculture, faster and more complete in some areas than in others.
Those who remained started to till their lands and became peasants, who were later influenced by
regional markets, chieftains, priests, monasteries and temples. This led them to be part of large,
complex societies paying taxes and offering goods and services to local lords. This resulted in major
economic and social differences amongst peasants. Some had more productive land while others kept
cattle, and some combined artisanal work with agricultural activity during the lean season. With the
change in society, people grouped into jatis or sub-castes and were ranked on the basis of their
backgrounds and their occupations. These ranks, however, were not permanent and changed with
power, influence and resources controlled by the jati. Status of the same jati also varied from area to
area. Rules and Regulations to manage the conduct of members were framed by Jatis and enforced by
an assembly of elders, which also came to be known as jati panchayat in some areas. However, jatis
also had to follow the rules of the villages. Several villages were governed by a chieftain.
Discuss the transformation that took place in Hindustan during the medieval period.
=> The study of the thousand years from 700 to 1750 is a big challenge for historians. This is because of the scale and variety of developments that took place during this period.
=> Emergence of new technologies: During this period, new technologies made their appearance like the Persian wheel in irrigation, Spinning wheel in weaving and Firearms in combat.
=> New foods and beverages arrived in the subcontinent; like potatoes, corn, chillies, tea and coffee.
=> Economic, social, political and cultural changes also took place during this period. This was a result of the ideas of people who also brought new ideas.
This was a period of great mobility, i.e. groups of people travelled long distances in search of opportunities offered by the subcontinent. The subcontinent had immense wealth and opportunities for people to carve a fortune.
=> Rajputs were a group of people who became popular during this time. The name Rajput is derived from ‘Rajputra’ which means ‘son of the ruler’. The term was applied more generally to a group of warriors during the period between the eighth century and the fourteenth century. These groups of warriors claimed the Kshatriya status. The term ‘Kshatriya’ included, apart from rulers and chieftains, the soldiers and commanders who served in the armies of different monarchs all over the subcontinent. Qualities attributed to Rajputs by their poets were extreme valour and a great sense of loyalty.