Discuss the ways to reduce water pollution of the most polluted water bodies of Assam Bharalu river , Deepor Beel and Kolong river.
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The river has become a canal carrying tons of waste generated from the city; its water, once fit for drinking and bathing, is now black, almost like sewage
Bharalu river near Jonali in Guwahati, Assam
Guwahati: After a news article was published in ‘the Hindu’ titled as “More River Stretches are now Critically Polluted: Central Pollution Control Board”, the National Green Tribunal (NGT) issued an order on 20 September and 19 December, last year directing all states and union territories of India to prepare action plans for bringing all the polluted river stretches to be fit at least for bathing purpose (scientifically biochemical oxygen demand [BOD] less than 3 milligram per litre and faecal coliform [FC] less than 500 most probable number [MPN] per 100 litres) within a provided time span of six months from the date of finalisation of the action plans.
As per the NGT order, the action plan was directed to be prepared by a four-member committee comprising of the director of environment, director of urban development, director of industries and member secretary of the pollution control board of the respective states. The four-member team is responsible for monitoring execution of the action plans including identification of the polluting sources, functioning status of the solid waste management and processing facilities available for the same. The action plan will also try to focus on quantification and characterisation of solid waste, trade and sewage generated in catchment areas of the polluted river stretch.
The NGT in its order further stated that a task team from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) of India will do random scrutiny of the action plan.
As per data available with the CPCB, a total of 351 rivers across 28 states and three Union territories of the country are marked as polluted falling under Priority 1 to Priority 5 as standardised by the pollution control board based on the level of BOD demand and wastage available in the water bodies.
Bahini river, as the upper stretch of Bharalu is called, overflowing with garbage near Bormotoria in Guwahati
Shockingly, of the 351 river bodies, a total of 157 polluted river stretches — one-third of the total identified — fall in the states of Maharashtra, Gujarat and Assam. This has become a big concern as Assam is a state with much less industrial infrastructure in comparison to Gujarat and Maharashtra. In Assam, a total of 44 rivers flowing are marked as polluted river stretches which is the highest among all Northeastern states of India.
Of the 44 polluted river stretches in Assam, three rivers — Bharalu with river stretch from Guwahati to Chilarai Nagar, Borsola stretching along Sarabbhati area in Guwahati and Silkaso in Chachal area of the city are marked under priority 1 of the polluted river stretch as per CPCB with a BOD level of 52.0 mg/l, 34.0 mg/l and 34.0 mg/ l, respectively, and the actions plans for the same are yet to be received by the CBCB.
However, sources from the Assam Pollution Control Board revealed that the action plan as ordered by NGT in regards to restoration of polluted river stretches across the state has already been submitted to the CPCB in the month of May this year and is under consideration by the Central Task Team for added inputs and suggestions on it. Once the process is done, the action plan will be approved by the CPCB and following which a budget will be sanctioned to concerned authorities for starting the renovation works, which have to be completed within two years of the plan’s approval.
Sources from State Pollution Control Board further informed that a fine amounting to Rs 15 crore has been imposed on the state administration by the NGT for not providing the action plan within the given period of time.
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