Discuss two major issues between india and pakistan which.Led to the war of 1971
Answers
Reasons and Effects of India-Pakistan Wars are as follows:
1. Indo-Pakistan War 1947- 48:
Reasons:
- Kashmir Problem has been central to the dispute between India and Pakistan.
- In, 1947 when India was partitioned, Maharaja Hari Singh, the Hindu ruler of Muslim dominated Kashmir, dreamt of the Independent State of Kashmir.
However the partition riots broke out in Kashmir in September 1947 when Muslims were killed in Western part of Kashmir. This led people of this part to rebel against Maharaja and declared their own Azad Kashmir Government.
- Sensing it as an opportunity, Pakistan sent the Pakistani tribal armies to Kashmir which got into fifteen miles from the state’s capital, Srinagar.
- Alarmed at this intrusion, Maharaja asked India for assistance. However, India asked him to sign the Instrument of accession to India. Maharaja Hari Singh signed it and Sheikh Abdullah leader of National Conference of Kashmir assented, India accepted the merger of J & K to India. Finally, India sent its forces to Kashmir while Pakistan sent military aid to troopers aiding Azad Kashmir movement.
Effects:
- The Indo-Pakistan War ended in a stalemate because PM Nehru of India pursued the idealistic path of using diplomatic means through the newly created United Nations Organisation to try and force Pakistan to withdraw its irregular forces from J & K. Also, UNSC resolutions 39 and 47 were not in India’s favour and Pakistan refused to abide by these resolutions.
- So, Pakistan now controls a part of J & K called “Pakistan Occupied Kashmir (POK) “in India and The Indian Kashmir is called “Indian Occupied Kashmir” in Pakistan.This problem is one of the main simmering issues between both the nations.
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