Question

Disease causing microorganisms are known as-​

Answer 1

Answer:

Microbes that cause disease are called pathogens.

Answer 2

$\color{red}\looparrowright$ Disease-causing microorganisms called microbes or pathogens enter a healthy person's body mainly through air, water and food.

$\color{red}\looparrowright$ When an infected person sneezes, thousands of common cold causing viruses are released through the air infecting the healthy people around.

Some insects are also the carriers of disease-causing microbes. Here are a few examples :

$\color{orange} {\Rightarrow}$ The female Anopheles mosquito carries the malaria-causing parasite. While biting it injects the parasite into the human body.

$\color{orange} {\Rightarrow}$ The female Aedes mosquito acts as a carrier of dengue virus.

$\color{orange} {\Rightarrow}$ Housefly is an agent of many food-borne diseases. It sits on garbage and excreta and carries disease causing pathogens with it. When this Housefly sits over uncovered food, fruits, vegetables and other eatables, the pathogens stick to the food and enter our body.

$\color{red}\looparrowright$ The diseases which can spread through air, water and food are called communicable diseases or infectious diseases.

$\color{red}\looparrowright$ The agents which transmit diseases-causing microorganisms from infected person to healthy person are called carriers or vectors. Houseflies and mosquitoes are examples of carriers of diseases. Mosquito breed in water.

$\color{red}\looparrowright$ We should not let water collect in coolers, tyres, flower pots, small pits, etc. There are various infectious diseases which affect humans, animals and plants.