diseases and thgeir elimination plan in india
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Tuberculosis:
The government plans to eliminate TB by 2025. According to the target set, the number of notified TB cases should fall to 10 per one lakh population. In 2015, India had 217 notified cases per one lakh population. This requires improved capabilities in the health system to meet the daily drugs requirement.
In 2016, it was revealed that India has a higher burden of new patients with TB than estimated earlier — 2.8 million in 2015 compared to 2.2 million in 2014. It is a quarter of the world’s cases.
In August 2016, the World Health Organisation in its annual TB report revealed that India grossly underestimated its TB incidence rates. It has also pointed to the lack of integration of private practitioners with the national mission on tuberculosis.
Leprosy::
India claimed to have eliminated leprosy as a public health problem in 2005, as it has achieved the target of reducing the number of cases to less than one case per 10,000 population. Yet it was announced in the budget that the government has prepared an action to eliminate leprosy by 2018, as the leprosy cases are increasing.
There were 1,02,178 leprosy cases on record as of September 2016.
Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Maharashtra has the highest number of leprosy cases in the country. India identified 163 districts where leprosy is endemic and continues to infect children and adults leading to irreversible deformities requiring rehabilitation.
Kala-azar:
Kala-azar in India has been restricted to four states – Bihar, which has more than 90% of cases, Jharkhand, West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh.
Elimination has been defined as reducing the annual incidence of kala azar to less than 1 case per 10,000 people at the sub-district level.
Way ahead: Eliminating kala-azar and filariasis, which are now restricted to a few areas in the country, is feasible. But looking at the financial investment required for the leprosy and tuberculosis, elimination looks to be a difficult task by 2018 and 2025 respectively.
The government plans to eliminate TB by 2025. According to the target set, the number of notified TB cases should fall to 10 per one lakh population. In 2015, India had 217 notified cases per one lakh population. This requires improved capabilities in the health system to meet the daily drugs requirement.
In 2016, it was revealed that India has a higher burden of new patients with TB than estimated earlier — 2.8 million in 2015 compared to 2.2 million in 2014. It is a quarter of the world’s cases.
In August 2016, the World Health Organisation in its annual TB report revealed that India grossly underestimated its TB incidence rates. It has also pointed to the lack of integration of private practitioners with the national mission on tuberculosis.
Leprosy::
India claimed to have eliminated leprosy as a public health problem in 2005, as it has achieved the target of reducing the number of cases to less than one case per 10,000 population. Yet it was announced in the budget that the government has prepared an action to eliminate leprosy by 2018, as the leprosy cases are increasing.
There were 1,02,178 leprosy cases on record as of September 2016.
Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Maharashtra has the highest number of leprosy cases in the country. India identified 163 districts where leprosy is endemic and continues to infect children and adults leading to irreversible deformities requiring rehabilitation.
Kala-azar:
Kala-azar in India has been restricted to four states – Bihar, which has more than 90% of cases, Jharkhand, West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh.
Elimination has been defined as reducing the annual incidence of kala azar to less than 1 case per 10,000 people at the sub-district level.
Way ahead: Eliminating kala-azar and filariasis, which are now restricted to a few areas in the country, is feasible. But looking at the financial investment required for the leprosy and tuberculosis, elimination looks to be a difficult task by 2018 and 2025 respectively.
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