Question

distinguish between:

1.nasal cavity and windpipe.
2.pharynx and larynx.
3.trachea and bronchi.
4.inspiration and expiration.
5.tuberculosis and asthma.​

Answer 1

Answer:

2.Pharynx  

Pharynx is located posterior to the oral and nasal cavities, forming part of the digestive and respiratory system. It acts as a common channel for swallowing and respiration.

Pharynx is divided into three regions – Nasopharynx, Oropharynx and Laryngopharynx.

Laryngopharynx

Laryngopharynx extends from the epiglottis and merges with the oesophagus.  

There are four layers of muscles in pharynx. These are the following, starting from inside –

A mucous membrane  

A fibrous coat  

A muscular coat  

A fascial coat

3.The trachea extends from the neck and divides into two main bronchi. Structurally similar to the trachea, the two primary bronchi are located inside the lungs. The right bronchus is slightly larger than the left one.

The trachea, bronchi and bronchioles form the tracheobronchial tree - a system of airways that allow passage of air into the lungs, where gas exchange occurs. These airways are located in the neck and thorax.

4.Inspiration is the process that causes air to enter the lungs, and expiration is the process that causes air to leave the lungs (Figure 3). A respiratory cycle is one sequence of inspiration and expiration. ... Inspiration and expiration occur due to the expansion and contraction of the thoracic cavity, respectively.

5.88% of asthmatic TB patients had reported an increase in the umber of asthma attacks before TB and 75% had reported an increase in asthma severity before they developed TB. Conclusion: It had been found that TB infection decreased asthma prevalence, number of attacks and severity of symptoms.