Question

Distinguish between carbonate and non-carbonate hardness of water with examples

Answer 1

non carbonate

Non-carbonate hardness is the part of water total hardness that is not generated by carbonates, but mainly by anions of sulfate.

It is also the measure of magnesium and calcium salts apart from bicarbonate and carbonate salts like magnesium chloride and calcium sulfate. 

carbonate

Carbonate hardness is the measure of hard ions associated with carbonate and bicarbonate anions contained in the water. 


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Answer 2

Answer: Carbonate hardness is the hardness caused by bicarbonates of calcium and magnesium. It is also called as temporary hardness as it can be easily removed using simple methods.

Example: $Ca(HCO_3)_2$ and $Mg(HCO_3)_2$

Non carbonate hardness is the hardness caused by chlorides and sulfates of calcium and magnesium. It is also called as permanent hardness as it only be removed using chemical methods.

Example: $CaSO_4$ , $MgSO_4$, $CaCl_2$ and $MgCl_2$