Distinguish between connective tissue and muscular tissue
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What are the differences between connective and muscle tissue?
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Charlie Phaure
Answered Nov 2, 2017 · Author has 633 answers and 163.7k answer views
Skeletal muscle tissue consists of many specialised cells called myocytes. Each myocyte consists of many tubular threads called myofibrils. Each myofibril consists of repeat contractile units called sarcomeres. Each sarcomere consists of a thick filament myosin and a thin filament actin. When skeletal muscle cells receive efferent impulses from the cerebellum/motor cortex in the brain neurotransmitters are released via temporal/spacial summation and bind to receptors on a muscle cell causing Ca2+ ions to be released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. These Ca2+ ions bind to Ca2+ binding sites on troponin causing it to move. This causes tropomyosin to move which exposes myosin binding sites on the actin. ADP and P(i) are then released from myosin causing it to change shape and nod forward before binding to the myosin binding sites on the actin, forming cross bridges. The actin then slides over the myosin (resulting in contraction). ATP then attaches to the myosin, causing it to detach from the actin. ATPase on the myosin head then hydrolyses ATP to ADP and P(i) causing myosin to return to its original upright position. Therefore, the function of a skeletal muscle cell (myocyte) is to contract when it receives efferent impulses from the somatic nervous system, allowing voluntary movement.
Muscle hypertrophy (growth) occurs due to an external stimuli, such as resistance training, causing damage to muscle fibers. This growth occurs during rest, as specialised cells called satellite cells are activated (post stimulus); these cells move to and fuse with muscle fibers (myocytes) and provide new nuclei to form new myofibrils (protein strands) with new sarcomeres (contractile units) consisting of new thick myosin filaments and thin actin filaments, and repair the damaged myofibrils, making them thicker and stronger. This occurs via protein synthesis, using amino acids from digested protein to form the new components/filaments of skeletal muscle cells (actin and myosin) so that new myofibrils can be added to the myocytes and the damaged myofibrils can be repaired. Growth factors such as HGH and testosterone increase the uptake and incorporation of amino acids into damaged protein filaments in skeletal muscle cells, and increases cellular protein synthesis, so more amino acids can also be used to form new protein filaments that make up the protein strands of the cell. This means that the myocytes have a greater number of thicker myofibrils, causing them to be bigger, thus the muscles appear to be visibly larger.
Connective tissue can refer to ligments, tendons or cartilage.
Ligaments connect bone to bone; they are strong and elastic to stabilize the bone structure and allow movement at a joint.
Tendons connect muscle to bone, and are strong and inelastic to provide structural support and allow the muscle and bone to move together when the muscle contracts or relaxes, which is crucial for functionality.
Cartilage is firm and elastic, and is found on the surface of bones at joints where it provides support and acts as a shock absorber (it does this in conjunction with synovial fluid at a joint).
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1 ANSWER

Charlie Phaure
Answered Nov 2, 2017 · Author has 633 answers and 163.7k answer views
Skeletal muscle tissue consists of many specialised cells called myocytes. Each myocyte consists of many tubular threads called myofibrils. Each myofibril consists of repeat contractile units called sarcomeres. Each sarcomere consists of a thick filament myosin and a thin filament actin. When skeletal muscle cells receive efferent impulses from the cerebellum/motor cortex in the brain neurotransmitters are released via temporal/spacial summation and bind to receptors on a muscle cell causing Ca2+ ions to be released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. These Ca2+ ions bind to Ca2+ binding sites on troponin causing it to move. This causes tropomyosin to move which exposes myosin binding sites on the actin. ADP and P(i) are then released from myosin causing it to change shape and nod forward before binding to the myosin binding sites on the actin, forming cross bridges. The actin then slides over the myosin (resulting in contraction). ATP then attaches to the myosin, causing it to detach from the actin. ATPase on the myosin head then hydrolyses ATP to ADP and P(i) causing myosin to return to its original upright position. Therefore, the function of a skeletal muscle cell (myocyte) is to contract when it receives efferent impulses from the somatic nervous system, allowing voluntary movement.
Muscle hypertrophy (growth) occurs due to an external stimuli, such as resistance training, causing damage to muscle fibers. This growth occurs during rest, as specialised cells called satellite cells are activated (post stimulus); these cells move to and fuse with muscle fibers (myocytes) and provide new nuclei to form new myofibrils (protein strands) with new sarcomeres (contractile units) consisting of new thick myosin filaments and thin actin filaments, and repair the damaged myofibrils, making them thicker and stronger. This occurs via protein synthesis, using amino acids from digested protein to form the new components/filaments of skeletal muscle cells (actin and myosin) so that new myofibrils can be added to the myocytes and the damaged myofibrils can be repaired. Growth factors such as HGH and testosterone increase the uptake and incorporation of amino acids into damaged protein filaments in skeletal muscle cells, and increases cellular protein synthesis, so more amino acids can also be used to form new protein filaments that make up the protein strands of the cell. This means that the myocytes have a greater number of thicker myofibrils, causing them to be bigger, thus the muscles appear to be visibly larger.
Connective tissue can refer to ligments, tendons or cartilage.
Ligaments connect bone to bone; they are strong and elastic to stabilize the bone structure and allow movement at a joint.
Tendons connect muscle to bone, and are strong and inelastic to provide structural support and allow the muscle and bone to move together when the muscle contracts or relaxes, which is crucial for functionality.
Cartilage is firm and elastic, and is found on the surface of bones at joints where it provides support and acts as a shock absorber (it does this in conjunction with synovial fluid at a joint).
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CONNECTIVE TISSUES
1) The connective tissue is specialised to connect and anchor various body organs .
2) Cells are scattered and intercellular space is filled with matrix .
3) Cells of connective tissue characteristically secrete ground substance called matrix .
4) In the matrix there are present cells and fibres .
MUSCULAR TISSUES
1) The muscles tissue or muscles of the body form the contractile tissue and are made of muscle cells .
2) Muscle cells are elongated and large-sized , so they are also called muscle fibres .
3) The movement of the body or limbs are brought about by contraction and the relaxation of contractile proteins which are present in muscle cells .
4) The movement of the internal organs such as heart and alimentary canal , are all caused by muscle tissues .
1) The connective tissue is specialised to connect and anchor various body organs .
2) Cells are scattered and intercellular space is filled with matrix .
3) Cells of connective tissue characteristically secrete ground substance called matrix .
4) In the matrix there are present cells and fibres .
MUSCULAR TISSUES
1) The muscles tissue or muscles of the body form the contractile tissue and are made of muscle cells .
2) Muscle cells are elongated and large-sized , so they are also called muscle fibres .
3) The movement of the body or limbs are brought about by contraction and the relaxation of contractile proteins which are present in muscle cells .
4) The movement of the internal organs such as heart and alimentary canal , are all caused by muscle tissues .
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