Distinguish between ionic solids and molecular solids.
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Ionic solids—Made up of positive and negative ions and held together by electrostatic attractions. ... Molecular solids—Made up of atoms or molecules held together by London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces, or hydrogen bonds. Characterized by low melting points and flexibility and are poor conductors.
Ionic solids are the solids composed of ions only. e.g., Sodium Chloride. In case of sodium chloride the solid is entirely made up of sodium and chloride ions. Each sodium ions are surrounded by 6 chloride ions which inturn are surrounded by 6 sodium ions. Thus there are no real molecules existing in this case. This solid or the crystal lattice is built up by the attractive forces between the oppositely charged ions.
Ionic solids are the solids composed of ions only. e.g., Sodium Chloride. In case of sodium chloride the solid is entirely made up of sodium and chloride ions. Each sodium ions are surrounded by 6 chloride ions which inturn are surrounded by 6 sodium ions. Thus there are no real molecules existing in this case. This solid or the crystal lattice is built up by the attractive forces between the oppositely charged ions.Molecular solids are the solids composed entirely of discrete molecules held together by weak forces like dipole-dipole interaction, London forces, etc. e.g. water ice. Here each water molecule is connected to other water molecule by hydrogen bonds, ultimately leading to network of hydrogen bonds that stabilise the solid.
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