Distinguish between newtonian and non newtonian fluids
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Newtonian fluid, non-Newtonian fluid, rheopectic, thixotropic, dilatant... what's the difference between these liquid properties? More importantly, what does it matter? If you're sizing or selecting pumps, mixers, or any other type of equipment that applies shear to fluid, these are all terms you should know.
All fluids can be broken down into two basic types, Newtonian, and non-Newtonian.
NEWTONIAN FLUIDS
A Newtonian fluid's viscosity remains constant, no matter the amount of shear applied for a constant temperature.. These fluids have a linear relationship between viscosity and shear stress.
Examples:
Water
Mineral oil
Gasoline
Alcohol
NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS
You can probably guess that non-Newtonian fluids are the opposite of Newtonian fluids. When shear is applied to non-Newtonian fluids, the viscosity of the fluid changes. The behavior of the fluid can be described one of four ways:
Dilatant - Viscosity of the fluid increases when shear is applied. For example:
Quicksand
Cornflour and water
Silly putty
Pseudoplastic - Pseudoplastic is the opposite of dilatant; the more shear applied, the less viscous it becomes. For example:
Ketchup
This chart shows how viscosity changes in respect to the amount of shear or stress applied to the fluid.

Rheopectic - Rheopectic is very similar to dilatant in that when shear is applied, viscosity increases. The difference here, is that viscosity increase is time-dependent. For example:
Gypsum paste
Cream
Thixotropic - Fluids with thixotropic properties decrease in viscosity when shear is applied. This is a time dependent property as well. For example:
Paint
Cosmetics
Asphalt
Glue
All fluids can be broken down into two basic types, Newtonian, and non-Newtonian.
NEWTONIAN FLUIDS
A Newtonian fluid's viscosity remains constant, no matter the amount of shear applied for a constant temperature.. These fluids have a linear relationship between viscosity and shear stress.
Examples:
Water
Mineral oil
Gasoline
Alcohol
NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS
You can probably guess that non-Newtonian fluids are the opposite of Newtonian fluids. When shear is applied to non-Newtonian fluids, the viscosity of the fluid changes. The behavior of the fluid can be described one of four ways:
Dilatant - Viscosity of the fluid increases when shear is applied. For example:
Quicksand
Cornflour and water
Silly putty
Pseudoplastic - Pseudoplastic is the opposite of dilatant; the more shear applied, the less viscous it becomes. For example:
Ketchup
This chart shows how viscosity changes in respect to the amount of shear or stress applied to the fluid.

Rheopectic - Rheopectic is very similar to dilatant in that when shear is applied, viscosity increases. The difference here, is that viscosity increase is time-dependent. For example:
Gypsum paste
Cream
Thixotropic - Fluids with thixotropic properties decrease in viscosity when shear is applied. This is a time dependent property as well. For example:
Paint
Cosmetics
Asphalt
Glue
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Answer:
Newtonian fluids: In a Newtonian fluids, the viscosity of the fluid is independent of the velocity gradient. Water, mineral oil, alcohol etc are the examples of Newtonian fluids.
non-Newtonian fluids: In a non-Newtonian fluids, the viscosity of the fluid dependent on flow rate. Cream, glue, cosmetics etc are the examples of non-Newtonian fluids.
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