Question

distinguish between substitution reaction and addition reaction by taking an example of Methane and ethene respectively


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should take methane and ethene into consideration...

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Answer 1

Addition reaction is a type of reaction in which two or more molecules combine with each other to form a single substance. This type of reaction occurs only with those molecules which have either a double or a triple bond between their carbon atoms.Due to having double bond,these molecules can break one of the carbon-carbon bonds and can ADD other atoms by sharing those electrons with other atoms(which were previously bonded to carbon atoms). Thus, addition reaction makes an unsaturated compound into a saturated compound. Ex--C2H4 + H2 = C2H6

Substitution reaction is a type of reaction in which one atom of any other element substitutes or replaces one of the hydrogen atoms of a given hydrocarbon.Substitution reaction does not add any atom to the hydrocarbon because it takes place only in saturated hydrocarbons(containing only single bonds).Thus if any atom has to be added in the hydrocarbon,one of the hydrogen atoms needs to be replaced by that atom.

Answer 2

SUBSTITUTION REACTION : the reaction in which one or more hydrogen atoms of hydrocarbon are replaced by other atom us called substitution reaction
CH4+Cl2---------->CH3Cl +HCl
ethane chloromethane


ADDITION REACTION: the reqction in which unsaturated hydrocarbons combine with another substance to give a single puoduct is called addition reaction

CH2=CH2+H2-------------->CH3-CH3

under the ctalyst nickle or palladium at 473 K.