distinguish between symport and antiport
Answers
Distinguish between uniport, symport and antiport as different methods of active transport. Symport- Integral protein which moves two or more molecule types across the membrane in the same direction. Antiport- Integral protein which moves two or more molecule types across the membrane in the opposite direction.
The cell membrane is a selectively permeable membrane which separates the cell from the external environment. It acts as a barrier for many molecules and regulates the molecules which pass across the membrane. The concentration of the molecules inside and outside the cell membrane differs widely. Some molecules are passively transported across the membrane along the concentration gradient without consuming energy. However, certain molecules and ions are transported across the cell membrane from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration against the concentration gradient. It requires an energy input, and it is powered by the chemical breakdown of ATP to ADP. Secondary active transport is the transport of molecules across the cell membrane, using energy in other forms than ATP. During secondary active transport, molecules are transported due to an electrochemical gradient generated by moving another molecule across the membrane along with the molecule of interest. Symport and antiport are two types of proteins involved in secondary active transport. The key difference between symport and antiport is that in symport, two molecules or ions are transported in the same direction across the membrane while in antiport, two molecules or ions are transported in opposite directions across the membrane.