distinguish between the following
1) plant excretion and animal excretion.
2) gray Matter of sipnal cord and gray Matter of brain.
3) sensory neurone and motor neurone.
4) neuroplusm and neurolemma.
5) anaerobic respration in plant and anaerobic respration of animals.
Answers
Answer:
1)
Most plants don’t digest food, as we think of it. They produce sugars as a consequence of photosynthesis and use the sugar directly for energy and growth. For this reason, plants excrete mainly oxygen and water. There are a few exceptions to this, but it generally holds true.
Animals, on the other hand, digest plant or animal material. It is broken down and usable substances are removed for energy and growth. The rest, along with other waste products from the basic metabolism of the animal, are excreted. The excretions can be complex and the process is much more intricate that I’m making it out to be. The excretions of animals also includes carbon dioxide through respiration and not really through excretion.
2)
Grey matter (or gray matter) is a major component of the central nervous system, consisting of neuronal cell bodies, neuropil (dendrites and unmyelinated axons), glial cells (astrocytes and oligodendrocytes), synapses, and capillaries. Grey matter is distinguished from white matter in that it contains numerous cell bodies and relatively few myelinated axons, while white matter contains relatively few cell bodies and is composed chiefly of long-range myelinated axons.The colour difference arises mainly from the whiteness of myelin. In living tissue, grey matter actually has a very light grey colour with yellowish or pinkish hues, which come from capillary blood vessels and neuronal cell bodies.
3)
Sensory Neuron
Neurons that carry sensory impulse from sensory organs to the central nervous system are known as sensory neurons
They are located in the dorsal root ganglion of the spinal nerve
It is unipolar
Comprises of a short axon
An adult has an average of 10 million sensory nerves in the body.
Found in eyes, skin, ears, tongue and nose
Motor Neuron
A neuron that carries motor impulses from the central nervous system to specific effectors is known as motor neurons.
They are located in the ventral root ganglion of the spinal cord.
It is multipolar
Comprises of a long axon
Half million of motor neurons are found in the body
Found in muscles and glands
4)
Neuralma and neurolemma have the same meaning as the outermost layer of the Schwann cells innervating the axon. But there is a difference between neurilimuma and myelin sheath. The neurilima is the cytoplasm, and the nucleus of Schwann cells lies outside the myelin sheath, while the myelin sheath is a modified cellular membrane that is wrapped around the axon of neurons.
5)
There are two types of respiration: anaerobic, which does not require oxygen, and aerobic, which requires oxygen. The energy released by respiration is used by living organisms for their life processes.
Anaerobic respiration happens in both animals and plants. Anaerobic respiration discharges about 5% of the energy delivered by aerobic respiration per glucose molecule.
Without oxygen, anaerobic processes leave most of the ATP-generating supplies in the waste products, such as lactic acid in animals, or alcohol and CO2 in plants and yeast. The difference in products is the primary difference between the two.
C_6H_12O_6 (glucose) -> 2C_3H_6O_3 (lactic acid)
C_6H_12O_6 (glucose) -> 2C_2H_5OH (ethanol) + 2CO_2
When glucose molecules break down in anaerobic respiration, the pyruvate stays in cells. The lactic acid needs to be oxidized to water and carbon dioxide later. In yeast, pyruvate is first converted to ethanol and then to ethanol.
Anaerobic respiration in plants produces ethanol (C2H5OH) whose accumulation may kill the plant, whereas in animals anaerobic respiration produces lactic acid (CH3CH(OH)COOH) that however cannot cause death of animal but lead to minor muscle cramps, but they can be cured with hot water bath or a massage.